历史视角下亚欧大陆海陆交通可达性空间格局演化  

Spatial evolution of Eurasian land and sea transport accessibility from the historical perspective

作　　者：李鲁奇 吴启焰 刘可文 梁双波[4,5] 钱超峰 LI Luqi;WU Qiyan;LIU Kewen;LIANG Shuangbo;QIAN Chaofeng(School of Urban and Regional Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;School of Tourism and Urban-rural Planning,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200241 [2]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,西安710049 [3]浙江工商大学旅游与城乡规划学院,杭州310018 [4]中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [5]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《地理学报》2020年第4期804-819,共16页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671155,41271176)。

摘　　要：亚欧大陆是世界政治舞台的中心和"一带一路"倡议所覆盖的主要地区。相关研究多侧重共时性分析,较少关注其交通格局的长时段演化。因此本文选取古代、近代、现代和当代四个时期,对亚欧大陆海陆交通格局的演化进行初步分析,以进一步把握"一带一路"倡议的历史角色和战略部署。研究表明,各地区联通程度在整体上持续上升,可达性在全局呈均衡化趋势,而交通网络在局部则呈极化趋势,关键枢纽地位凸显,同时有重要战略意义的交通线对可达性和地缘格局影响强烈。因此在"一带一路"建设中,应从更长时间尺度认识其历史意义,坚持去中心化合作策略,充分利用和培育关键枢纽,并建设亚欧高速铁路等具有战略优势的干线。The Eurasian continent is the center of the world political arena and plays a vital role in the shifting geopolitical orders in human history. Moreover, it is the main area where the Belt and Road Initiative deploys. Relevant studies of the initiative focus more on synchronic analysis and less on the long-term evolution of land and sea transport patterns. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to conduct a preliminary analysis on the spatial evolution of Eurasian land and sea transport based on four periods including ancient period(BC 50-AD 1640), early modern period(AD 1640-1917), late modern period(AD 1917-1950) and contemporary times(AD 1950-2017). In this way, the historical role and strategic deployment of the Belt and Road Initiative could be further uncovered. Study shows that the degree of connectivity in various regions has steadily increased since the early modern times. And the accessibility tends to be equalized at the continental scale, while the land and sea transport networks both show a trend of polarization at the sub-continental scale, with a range of key hubs becoming more prominent in coordinating the flows among different areas. Furthermore, transport lines with strategic importance have significant influence on the accessibility of different areas as well as the geopolitical order of the continent. According to the result, the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative should be understood on a much longer time scale. Meanwhile, decentralized cooperative strategies should be promoted, existing key hubs should be made full use of, and a range or new hubs should further be developed. In addition, arteries such as the Eurasian HighSpeed Railway should be constructed to promote the interconnection among various regions in Eurasia so as to gain a strategic advantage in the geopolitical arena. The innovation of this study is analyzing the evolution of Eurasian land and sea transport on a time scale of more than2000 years.

关 键 词：亚欧大陆 历史视角 海陆交通 可达性 空间演化 一带一路 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济]