日本筑波科学城创新生态系统构建模式研究  

Research on the Construction Mode of Innovation Ecosystem in Tsukuba Science City in Japan

作　　者：孙艳艳[1] 张红[1] 张敏[1] SUN Yanyan;ZHANG Hong;ZHANG Min(Department of Strategic Information Research,Beijing Institute of Science and Technology Information,Beijing,100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术情报研究所战略情报研究部,北京100044

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2020年第3期65-80,共16页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：北京市社科基金项目“基于北京非首都功能承接的雄安新区科技服务业集群构建研究”(17GLB025);北京市社科基金项目“基于协同创新的京津冀制造业地图研究”(19YJC036)。

摘　　要：日本筑波科学城经过20年转型发展初步构建了区域创新生态系统,包括高精尖产业创新生态系统和创新创业服务生态系统。高精尖产业创新生态系统方面,筑波科学城围绕重点领域构建多个产业创新网络,初步形成风险企业主导型、域内资源整合型、跨区域资源整合型等高精尖产业发展模式,从构建国家战略主导下的高精尖产业梯次推进格局和构建全链条式创新网络体系两条路径推动了产业创新生态系统形成。创新创业服务生态系统方面,筑波科学城构建了创新创业服务生态"五位一体"模式,并呈现大学和大院大所主导、集约化和平台实体化3个特点,其存在的问题则表现为风险企业持续发展活力不足和地方扶持力度不够。两大系统间的互动关系为我国科技创新中心和综合性国家科学研究中心建设提出可供借鉴的经验。After 20 years of transformation and development, Tsukuba Science City has initially constructed a regional innovation ecosystem, consisting of a sophisticated industrial innovation ecosystem and an innovation and entrepreneurship service ecosystem. In terms of sophisticated industrial innovation ecosystem, Tsukuba Science City has built multiple industrial innovation networks around key areas, initially forming venture-led, in-domain resource integration, and cross-regional resource integration models. Under the strategic leadership, the two paths of high-tech and advanced industrial laddering and the construction of a full-chain innovation network system have promoted the formation of an industrial innovation ecosystem. In terms of the innovation and entrepreneurship service ecosystem, it proposes the "five in one" construction model of the innovation and entrepreneurship service ecosystem of Tsukuba Science City. This paper analyzes the innovation and entrepreneurship service ecosystem’s three characteristics and problems such as universities and colleges dominance, intensification and platform substance. Finally, it analyzes the interaction between the two systems and provides experiences and reference for the construction of China’s scientific and technological innovation center and comprehensive national scientific research center.

关 键 词：高精尖产业创新生态系统 创新创业服务生态系统 风险企业 知识绿洲型创新 区域协调发展 

分 类 号：F133.134.3[经济管理—世界经济]