中国北方典型中小盆地城市大气颗粒物污染特征及趋势对比  

Pollution characteristics and trend comparison of atmospheric particles in the typical small-medium basin cities of northern China

作　　者：彭洁 董发勤[1,2] 霍婷婷[1] 李海龙 李冬坤 PENG Jie;DONG Fa-qin;HUO Ting-ting;LI Hai-long;LI Dong-kun(School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2020年第1期105-112,共8页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(4183000171);西南科技大学龙山人才计划(18lzx651);西南科技大学博士基金(18zx7156)。

摘　　要：分析了2014~2018年北方5个典型中小盆地城市(兰州、银川、临汾、太原、南阳)PM10与PM2.5的浓度变化特征和大致来源类型。除2018年银川PM2.5浓度外,各市PM10和PM2.5年均浓度均超标;兰州、银川和南阳PM10与PM2.5呈逐年下降趋势,南阳下降最明显;临汾PM10与PM2.5呈逐年上升趋势;太原PM10与PM2.5稳定维持在一个高浓度状态。5个城市颗粒物浓度的季节变化特征一致:冬春高、夏秋低。对PM2.5/PM10值而言,冬季和夏季该比值较高,分别受取暖和降水的影响;春季和秋季该比值较低,分别受沙尘和秸秆焚烧及高强度建筑施工的影响。5市PM2.5和PM10浓度具有良好的线性关系,细颗粒占比大小顺序为临汾>南阳>太原>银川>兰州。This study focused on the variation characteristics of PM2.5and PM10concentrations and general source types in 2014~2018 in five typical small-medium basin cities(Lanzhou,Yinchuan,Linfen,Taiyuan and Nanyang)in northern China.Apart from the PM2.5concentrations in 2018 in Yinchuan,the PM10and PM2.5concentrations in the other cities are above the level of the 2nd grade standard of the state;The PM10and PM2.5concentrations show a downward trend year by year,with the most obvious city being Nanyang;The PM10and PM2.5concentrations show an increasing trend year by year in Linfen;The PM10and PM2.5concentrations are stable at a high level in Taiyuan.Seasonal variation characteristics of PM10and PM2.5concentrations are similar:high concentrations in winter and spring,low in summer and autumn.The ratios of PM2.5/PM10are greater in winter and summer,resulting from the heating process and frequent rainfall,respectively.The ratios are lower in spring and autumn,resulting from sandstorms and frequent straw combustion as well as high-strength construction of building,respectively.The PM2.5and PM10concentrations have a good linear relationship,The proportion of fine particles is in order of Linfen>Nanyang>Taiyuan>Yinchuan>Lanzhou.

关 键 词：中小盆地城市 粗颗粒物 细颗粒物 变化特征 

分 类 号：P579[天文地球—矿物学]