论正当防卫中的不法侵害  

Discussion on Unlawful Infringement in Justifiable Defense

作　　者：蒋涛涛 Jiang Tao-tao(Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学法学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《铜陵学院学报》2020年第1期71-76,共6页Journal of Tongling University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“依法治国与以德治国的关系研究”(14AZD135)。

摘　　要：正当防卫制度是我国刑法中的一项重要制度。《刑法》第20条规定:"为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在进行的不法侵害,而采取的制止不法侵害的行为,对不法侵害人造成损害的,属于正当防卫,不负刑事责任。"正当防卫中的不法侵害对正当防卫的成立具有重大影响。不法侵害是一种对公共利益和他人的合法权益造成危害或者具有现实危险的行为。不法侵害具有严重的社会危害性、现实的紧迫危险性以及可制止性几个特征,对不作为犯罪和过失侵害等特殊行为的反击也能成立正当防卫。不法侵害也是衡量正当防卫是否超过必要限度的重要尺度。The legitimate defense system is an important system in China’s criminal law.Article 20 of China’s Criminal Law states:In order to protect the country, the public interest, the personal, property and other rights of others or others from ongoing illegal violations, acts that prevent illegal violations and cause damage to the illegal offenders are legitimate defenses and are not liable.Illegal infringement in legitimate defense has a significant impact on the establishment of legitimate defense.Illegal infringement is an act that endangers the public interest and the legitimate rights and interests of others or is of real danger.Illegal infringement has the characteristics of serious social harm, urgent danger in reality, and deterrence.Counter-attacks against special acts such as crime of omission and negligence can also be justified. Illegal infringement is also an important measure of whether legitimate defense exceeds the necessary limit.

关 键 词：正当防卫 不法侵害 限度 防卫过当 

分 类 号：D924.13[政治法律—刑法学]