巨菌草生长和抗性生理特性对土壤水分的响应  

Response of growth and resistance physiological characteristics of Pennisetum giganteum to soil moisture

作　　者：王靖宇 张淑艳[1] 商博 刘德鹏 王亚娟 杨若琪 WANG Jingyu;ZHANG Shuyan;SHANG Bo;LIU Depeng;WANG Yajuan;YANG Ruoqi(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2020年第1期58-62,共5页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技储备项目(2018MDCB03-05);内蒙古民族大学与通辽市合作项目(SXZX2017005)。

摘　　要：为探讨科尔沁沙地巨菌草(Pennisetum giganteum)苗期对土壤水分的生长及生理响应,试验设置30%、60%和90%3个田间持水量水分梯度,采用盆栽控水方法控制土壤水分,出苗后70 d,测定植株生长和叶片抗性生理指标。结果表明:随着土壤含水量的增加,巨菌草植株的株高、单株重、分蘖数和根重均持续增加;在土壤田间持水量为60%时,叶绿素含量和茎粗最高,90%次之,30%最低;田间持水量为30%时,游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白均显著高于60%田间持水量,且游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白4种渗透调节物质对土壤水分响应均显著;在低水分(30%)和高水分(90%)条件下,POD、SOD酶活性均显著高于中等水分(60%)条件,2种酶的渗透调节和保护作用均明显。因此,60%田间持水量最适合科尔沁沙地巨菌草苗期的生长。To reveal the growth and physiological response of Pennisetum giganteum in Horqin sandy land to soil moisture at seedling stage,three field water holding gradients of 30%,60% and 90% were set up in the experiment,and the soil water was controlled by pot culture.70 days after emergence,the indexes for resistance physiology and plant growth were investigated.The results showed that plant height,plant weight,tiller number and root weight continuously increased with the increase of soil water content.Chlorophyll content and stem thickness were highest at 60% soil water holding capacity,followed by 90%,and the lowest at 30%.At 30%field water capacity,free amino acids,soluble sugars,proline,and soluble proteins in leaves were significantly higher than those at 60% field water capacity.The contents of four osmotic adjustment substances,free amino acid,soluble sugar,proline and soluble protein responded significantly to the soil water content.The activities of POD and SOD under low water content(30%)and high water content(90%)were significantly higher than those under medium water content(60%).The two enzymes revealed obvious osmotic regulation and protective effect.Therefore,60% of the field water capacity was the most suitable for the seedling stage growth of Pennisetum giganteum in Horqin sandy land.

关 键 词：巨菌草 土壤水分 生理响应 生长 盆栽 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]