灌溉量对玉米生育后期脱水阶段子粒水分的影响  

Effect of Irrigation Amount on Maize Grain Moisture during Dehydration at the Later Growth Stage

作　　者：王凤 薛军 王群[1,2] 陈江鲁 张国强[2] 王克如 明博[2] 侯鹏[2] 谢瑞芝[2] 李少昆[1,2] WANG Feng;XUE Jun;WANG Qun;CHEN Jiang-lu;ZHANG Guo-qiang;WANG Ke-ru;MING Bo;HOU Peng;XIE Rui-zhi;LI Shao-kun(Agricultural College,Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi 832003;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081;Institute of Agricultural Science,The Sixth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Wujiaqu 831301,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子,832003 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室,北京100081 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠,831301

出　　处：《玉米科学》2020年第2期100-105,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300101、2016YFD0300110);国家玉米产业技术体系项目(CARS-02-25);中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程、新疆生产建设兵团第六师五家渠市科技项目(1703/1919)。

摘　　要：以玉米品种先玉335、九圣禾2468为试验材料,测定不同灌溉量处理的玉米生理成熟至田间收获期间子粒含水率的变化。结果表明,生育期等量灌溉和分配灌溉量试验,在9.0×10~4株/hm^2、12.0×10~4株/hm^2种植密度下,灌溉量增加使子粒含水量呈增加趋势,且脱水速率减慢。灌溉量从3 600 m^3/hm^2增至7 200 m^3/hm^2,子粒含水率分别增加0.94~2.87个百分点,差异达显著水平。灌溉量与种植密度双因素辅助试验,在种植密度6.0×10~4株/hm^2至13.5×10~4株/hm^2时,灌溉量从3 000 m^3/hm^2增至6 000 m^3/hm^2,子粒含水率分别增加1.60~5.00个百分点;在灌溉量3 000 m^3/hm^2和6 000 m^3/hm^2条件下,种植密度从6.0×10~4株/hm^2增至13.5×10~4株/hm^2,子粒含水率有差异,无明显增加或降低趋势;4 500 m3/hm^2灌溉量下各种植密度处理间的子粒含水率未表现出显著差异。Maize cultivars Xianyu335 and Jiushenghe2468 were used in these experiments. The changes of moisture contents of maize grains were measured from physiological maturity to field harvest. The results showed that, in the experiments of equal irrigation and distributed irrigation in growth period, with the increase of irrigation amounts, the grains moisture contents increased, and the dehydration rate slowed down at the planting density of9.0×10~4 plants/ha and 12.0×10~4 plants/ha. The irrigation amounts increased from 3 600 m^3/ha to 7 200 m^3/ha, and the grains moisture contents increased by 0.94-2.87 percentage points respectively, the difference was significant.Besides, in the auxiliary experiment of irrigation amounts and planting densities, at the planting densities from 6.0×10~4 plants/ha to 13.5×10~4 plants/ha, with the increased of the irrigation amounts from 3 000 to 6 000 m^3/ha, the grains moisture contents increased by 1.60-5.00 percentage points respectively. At 3 000 m^3/ha and 6 000 m^3/ha irrigation amounts, the grains moisture contents were significant difference from 6.0×10~4 plants/ha to 13.5×10~4 plants/ha, however, there is no obvious increase or decrease trend. There were no significant difference in grains moisture contents among all planting densities at 4 500 m^3/ha irrigation amounts.

关 键 词：玉米 灌溉量 种植密度 生理成熟 子粒水分 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]