外泌体微小RNA与胰岛素抵抗的研究现状  

Research progresses of exosome microRNA with insulin resistance

作　　者：田亚丽 古丽海夏·哈勒玛合拜 张燕[2] 张之 TIAN Ya-li;GULIHAIXIA Ha-le-ma-he-bai;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Yan-zhi(Department of Pharmacology,School of Pharmacy,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,China;Department of Pediatrics,General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学药学院药理教研室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆军区总医院儿科,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国临床药理学杂志》2020年第8期1016-1019,共4页The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2017D01C204);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81760767);新疆医科大学博士科研启动基金资助项目(2019-017);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新资助项目(XJ2019G192);新疆医科大学研究生创新创业启动基金资助项目(CXCY2018006)。

摘　　要：非编码微小RNA(miRNA)通过降解或抑制靶标mRNA翻译参与转录后基因表达调控。外泌体是细胞分泌的纳米级小囊泡,作为富集miRNA的载体,可介导细胞间通讯,传递miRNAs到靶细胞发挥特定的作用。近年来研究发现,外泌体miRNAs(如miRNA-155,miRNA-141-3p,miRNA-29a,miRNA-27a,miRNA-34a,miRNA-204a,miRNA-494-3p等)可调节肝、脂肪、骨骼肌这些胰岛素靶器官的胰岛素敏感性,从而参与胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的发生发展。本文对miRNA及外泌体miRNA与IR的研究进展进行了综述。Exosomes are nano-sized small vesicles with natural biological macromolecular functions,which can play a specific role by releasing microRNAs(miRNAs)of different vesicle contents to target cells.Recent studies have found that exosomal miRNAs(such as miRNA-155,miRNA-141-3 p,miRNA-29 a,miRNA-27 a,miRNA-34 a,miRNA-204 a,miRNA494-3 p,etc.)can regulate insulin target organs such as liver,fat,and skeletal muscle Insulin sensitivity,and thus participate in the development of insulin resistance(IR).This article reviews the effects of exosomal miRNAs on IR of these insulin target organs.

关 键 词：胰岛素抵抗 微小RNA 外泌体 胰岛素靶器官 

分 类 号：R97[医药卫生—药品]