Land-surface processes and summer-cloud-precipitation characteristics in the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on downstream weather:a review and perspective  

作　　者：Yunfei Fu Yaoming Ma Lei Zhong Yuanjian Yang Xueliang Guo Chenghai Wang Xiaofeng Xu Kun Yang Xiangde Xu Liping Liu Guangzhou Fan Yueqing Li Donghai Wang 

机构地区：[1]School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [2]Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [3]CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [4]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [5]CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology,Hefei 230026,China [6]School of Atmospheric Physics,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China [7]State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China [8]School of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China [9]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling,Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [10]Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China [11]Institute of Plateau Meteorology,CMA,Chengdu 610225,China [12]School of Atmospheric Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 519082,China

出　　处：《National Science Review》2020年第3期500-515,共16页国家科学评论（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91837310,91837208,91937302 and 41875031);the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1507200);the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20060101);the Key Research and Development Projects of Anhui Province(201904a07020099);the CLIMATE-TPE(ID 32070)in the framework of the ESA-MOST Dragon 4 Program.

摘　　要：Correct understanding of the land-surface processes and cloud-precipitation processes in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)is an important prerequisite for the study and forecast of the downstream activities of weather systems and one of the key points for understanding the global atmospheric movement.In order to show the achievements that have been made,this paper reviews the progress on the observations for the atmospheric boundary layer,land-surface heat fluxes,cloud-precipitation distributions and vertical structures by using ground-and space-based multiplatform,multisensor instruments and the effect of the cloud system in the TP on the downstream weather.The results show that the form drag related to the topography,land-atmosphere momentum and scalar fluxes is an important part of the parameterization process.The sensible heat flux decreased especially in the central and northern TP caused by the decrease in wind speeds and the differences in the ground-air temperatures.Observations show that the cloud and precipitation over the TP have a strong diurnal variation.Studies also show the compressed-air column in the troposphere by the higher-altitude terrain of the TP makes particles inside clouds vary at a shorter distance in the vertical direction than those in the non-plateau area so that precipitation intensity over the TP is usually small with short duration,and the vertical structure of the convective precipitation over the TP is obviously different from that in other regions.In addition,the influence of the TP on severe weather downstream is preliminarily understood from the mechanism.It is necessary to use model simulations and observation techniques to reveal the difference between cloud precipitation in the TP and non-plateau areas in order to understand the cloud microphysical parameters over the TP and the processes of the land boundary layer affecting cloud,precipitation and weather in the downstream regions.

关 键 词：TIBETAN PLATEAU LAND-SURFACE processes cloud-precipitation characteristics DOWNSTREAM EFFECTS 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P461