中试MBBR反应器启动CANON工艺及其短程硝化  

Start-up of CANON Process and Short-cut Nitrification in a Pilot-scale MBBR Reactor

作　　者：付昆明 杨宗玥 廖敏辉 靳怡然 张晓航 FU Kun-ming;YANG Zong-yue;LIAO Min-hui;JIN Yi-ran;ZHANG Xiao-hang(Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Sino-Dutch R&D Center for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies,School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,中-荷污水处理技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第3期1393-1400,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(X18214)。

摘　　要：采用150 L的移动床生物膜(MBBR)反应器,控制温度为28℃,以无机高氨氮(平均浓度350 mg·L^-1)废水为原水,启动全程自养脱氮(CANON)工艺,同时,取其中絮状污泥至5L的SBR反应器中,维持进水NH+4-N浓度为90~200 mg·L^-1,共同进行短程硝化恢复研究.结果表明,MBBR反应器中,HRT平均为12 h时,短程硝化与TN去除率互相制约,TN去除率平均为38.2%,δNO3^--N/TN值平均为0.274,当HRT降至6h后,δNO3^--N/TN值由0.347下降至0.146;SBR反应器通过间歇曝气,分别维持曝气与停曝时间为30 min与20 min,好氧过程中DO浓度为0.5~0.6 mg·L^-1,且每周期末FNA浓度高于0.18 mg·L^-1时, 12 d后系统内NAR由0增长至99.2%,NUR从24.8 mg·(g·h)^-1降至0,TN去除率则由13%降至3%,成功由全程硝化转变为短程硝化;高通量测序结果显示:MBBR反应器中Candidatus Kuenenia在絮状污泥和生物膜中的相对丰度分别为7.91%及17.38%,Nitrosomonas在二者中分别占27.43%和2.55%,Nitrospira则在二者中占0.30%和0.28%;SBR反应器恢复短程硝化后,AOB与ANAMMOX丰度分别下降至1.18%和0.01%,Nitrospira的相对丰度则上升至1.39%.Using a 150 L moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR), with the temperature controlled at 28℃ and high NH+4-N concentration(average concentration 350 mg·L^-1), inorganic wastewater was used as an influent to start the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite(CANON) process. Meanwhile, the flocculent sludge was taken into a 5 L sequencing batch reactor, and the influent NH+4-N concentration was maintained at 90-200 mg·L^-1 for the recovery of short-cut nitrification. The results showed that in the MBBR reactor, when the average hydraulic retention time(HRT) was 12 h, short-cut nitrification and total nitrogen(TN) removal rate were mutually constrained, the average TN removal rate was 38.2%, and the average δNO3^--N/TN value was 0.274;when the HRT dropped to 6 h, the δNO3^--N/TN value decreased from 0.347 to 0.146. The sequencing batch reactor(SBR) maintained aeration and anoxic time for 30 min and 20 min, respectively, by intermittent aeration, while the dissolved oxygen concentration during the aerobic process was 0.5 mg·L^-1 to 0.6 mg·L^-1, the free nitrous acid concentration was higher than 0.18 mg·L^-1 at the end of each cycle, NAR increased from 0 to 99.2% after 12 days, NUR decreased to 0 from an initial 24.8 mg·(g·h)^-1, and the TN removal rate decreased from 13% to 3%;the system successfully converted to short-range nitrification. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia in the flocculent sludge and biofilm in the MBBR reactor were 7.91% and 17.38% respectively, Nitrosomonas accounted for 27.43% and 2.55%, respectively, while Nitrospira accounted for 0.30% and 0.28%, respectively. After the recovery of short-cut nitrification in the SBR, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidation decreased to 1.18% and 0.01%, respectively, and the abundance of Nitrospira increased to 1.39%.

关 键 词：全程自养脱氮(CANON) 短程硝化 间歇曝气 移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR) 游离氨 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]