不同比例蚯蚓粪混配基质对西瓜育苗效果的影响  

Effect of Mixed Substrates with Different Ratios of Vermicompost on Propagation of Watermelon Seedlings

作　　者：刘青 吴健雄[1] 李伯松[1] LIU Qing;WU Jianxiong;LI Bosong(Guangzhou Experimental Station of CATAS,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510890)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,广东广州510890

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2020年第2期9-14,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院院本级基本科研业务费专项“基于蚯蚓养殖的农业废弃物基质化应用研究”(No.1630112018003);中国热带农业科学院院级创新团队科研业务费专项“都市农业精准智能化共性关键技术”(No.1630112017003)。

摘　　要：选用5种蚯蚓粪、草炭、蛭石混合配方,体积比分别为0∶4∶1 (T1)、1∶3∶1 (T2)、2∶1∶1 (T3)、3∶1∶1 (T4)、4∶0∶1 (T5),探究蚯蚓粪替代不可再生资源草炭在西瓜育苗过程中的应用效果。试验结果表明:T2处理的西瓜出苗势、出苗指数、出苗率、成苗率、株高、茎粗、叶面积、干物质含量、叶绿素、壮苗指数、地上部干重、总干重、地上部鲜重、G值和总鲜重在所有处理中均处于最高水平,T1处理的幼苗胚轴长最高,T3处理的地下部干重和地下部鲜重最高。综合评价表明,添加20%的蚯蚓粪对小果型西瓜品种‘琼丽’的育苗效果最好,有利于壮苗和缩短育苗周期。Five mixed substrates with vermicompost, peat and vermiculite at respective volume ratios of 0:4:1(T1), 1:3:1(T2), 2:1:1(T3), 3:1:1(T4) and 4:0:1(T5) were selected to raise watermelon seedlings to observe the effect of vermicompost as substitute with non-renewable peat on the growth of watermelon seedlings. The results showed that the watermelon in the treatment T2 was the highest in emergence potential, emergence index, emergence rate, seedling survival rate, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and dry matter content, chlorophyll, robust seedling index, aboveground dry weight, total aboveground fresh weight, dry weight, G score and total fresh weight. The watermelon had the highest seedling hypocotyl length in the treatment T1, and the highest underground dry weight and underground fresh weight in the treatment T3. The comprehensive evaluation showed that the mixed substrate with 20% of vermicompost had the best effect on the seedlings of the small-fruit watermelon variety Qiongli, which was beneficial to the growth of the seedlings and the shortening of the seedling-raising period.

关 键 词：蚯蚓粪 育苗基质 西瓜 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]