云南省高原特色农业产业集群竞争力的现状及演进——基于16州(市)37个农业产业2002—2017年数据分析  

Competitiveness Status and Historical Change of Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industrial Clusters in Yunnan Province—Based on the Data Analysis of 37 Agricultural Industries of 16 Prefectures in Yunnan Province During 2002-2017

作　　者：叶艳萍[1] 王卫清 樊建麟[1] 毕亚楠 杨东顺[1] YE Yan-ping;WANG Wei-qing;FAN Jian-lin;BI Ya-nan;YANG Dong-shun(Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650223,PRC)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2020年第4期91-96,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为探索云南省各地州高原特色农业产业集群发展的优势与不足,通过测算2002—2017年云南省16州(市)37个主要高原特色农业产业的区位熵和集中系数,从专业化程度、地理集中程度2个方面对各地区产业的集群竞争力的现状和历史演进特征进行综合分析。结果表明:目前云南省共形成187个具有地区特色的农业产业集群,其中,竞争力较强的优势集群占集群总数的18%,优势集群比重较大的行业是水产品和林产品业,优势集群比重较大的地区是大理、迪庆和临沧地区;发展潜力较强的潜力集群占集群总数的57%,潜力集群占比较大的行业是蔬菜产品、水产品和林产品业,潜力集群占比较大的地区是红河、普洱、保山和文山地区。从演进过程看,云南省只有少数地区上升型产业多于下降型产业。在揭示云南省各地区各行业农业产业的集群竞争力发展现状和演进过程的基础上,提出掌握农业产业集群的发展规律以及演变趋势;充分考虑农产品特点和各地区自然资源禀赋情况下打造农业产业集群;大力发展龙头企业,加强教育、引导和鼓励农户创业;科学制定集群发展规划和营造良好的发展环境等提高集群竞争力的建议。To explore the advantages and disadvantages of the development of plateau characteristic agricultural industrial clusters in Yunnan Province,the paper calculates the location quotient and the concentration coefficient of 37 representative agriculture industries in 16 prefectures during 2002-2017.The two indexes reflect the competitiveness and the centralization degree of the industries respectively.Based on the data,the paper analyses the competitiveness status and historical change of industries.The results show that there are 187 agricultural industrial clusters in Yunnan Province among which(1)the clusters of these stronger competitiveness account for 18%;aquatic and forest products hold higher proportions of competitive clusters;meanwhile,Dali,Diqing and Lincang regions hold higher proportions of competitive clusters;(2)the clusters with more potential account for 57%,vegetable,aquatic and forest products hold higher proportions of potential clusters;meanwhile,Honghe,Pu’er,Baoshan and Wenshan regions hold higher proportions of potential clusters;(3)only a few regions have more ascending industrial clusters than decending ones during the whole evolution process.On revealing the development status and evolution process of competitiveness of various agricultural industrial clusters in Yunnan Province,this paper proposes to grasp the development laws and evolution trend of the agricultural clusters,to build agricultural industrial clusters based on the characteristics of local agricultural products and natural resource differences between regions,to fully develop leading enterprises,strengthen farmer vocational training,encourage and guide farmers to start businesses,to scientifically formulate industrial cluster development plans and create a good development environment.

关 键 词：高原特色农业 集群竞争力 区位熵 集中系数 云南 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]