中国精准扶贫驻村帮扶工作成效及其影响因素  

Achievements and influencing factors of help the poor in village in China’s targeted poverty alleviation

作　　者：童春阳 周扬[1,2,3,4] TONG Chunyang;ZHOU Yang(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地理研究》2020年第5期1128-1138,共11页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871183,41601172)。

摘　　要：基于全国6378个村的驻村帮扶数据样本,本研究分析了精准扶贫工作中驻村帮扶措施的实施与进展状况,并用计量方法识别了影响驻村帮扶成效的主要因素,测度了帮扶工作的减贫效应。驻村帮扶队伍主要由县级单位派出的男性干部组成,平均年龄为42岁且学历以大专大学为主;驻村干部采取的帮扶措施保持了因村施策原则,具体包括"输血式"与"造血式"帮扶;帮扶项目的实施和成效具有明显的地域特征,总体上西部优于中部;驻村帮扶成效受到多重因素影响,干部的年龄、学历和派出单位等个人特征会影响减贫人口的数量,驻村工作队采取的扶贫措施主要会影响教育卫生等基础设施的改善。研究结果将有助于为顺利推进中国精准扶贫和乡村振兴有效衔接提供理论依据和决策支持。In response to the UN goal of sustainable development and poverty eradication in2030, the Chinese government put forward and implemented the national strategy of targeted poverty alleviation in 2014. Scholars have carried out much research from the perspective of poverty factors, poverty types and spatial poverty traps, etc., but the empirical research and policy analysis of specific poverty alleviation measures have not been given enough attention.Based on the data samples of 6378 villages in China, this study analyzed the implementation and progress of the village based assistance measures in the targeted poverty alleviation work,identified the main factors affecting the effectiveness of the village based assistance with the measurement method, and measured the poverty reduction effect of the assistance work. The results show that the first secretary of the village assistance is mainly composed of male cadres sent by county-level units, with an average age of 42 years and education background mainly from universities. During the implementation of the work, the principle of adopting different village strategies according to the needs has been maintained. The specific assistance measures include the development of industry, the cultivation of labor force, the transformation of houses, and the hardening of roads. There are obvious regional differences in the implementation and achievements of these measures. Generally speaking, the poverty alleviation work in the western region is better than that in the central region. The empirical results of the econometric model show that the effect of the assistance work in the village is affected by multiple factors,and the personal characteristics of the first secretary, such as age, education background and work unit, has significant impact on poverty reduction. At the same time, the poverty alleviation measures taken by the task force have a far-reaching significance for improving the public infrastructure in poor areas. The research results will be helpful to provide the

关 键 词：精准扶贫 驻村帮扶 工作成效 影响因素 第一书记 中国 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]