文化融入与族群认同:以欧洲苗族节庆活动为例  

Cultural Integration and Ethnic Identity:A Case Study of Festivals in European Hmong Community

作　　者：石甜 SHI Tian

机构地区：[1]比利时(荷语)鲁汶大学社会科学学院社会与文化人类学系,鲁汶3000

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期109-116,共8页Journal of Hubei Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家民委民族研究项目“欧盟民族政策与欧洲苗族融入问题研究”(2018-GMG-034);中国国家留学基金资助(201606230152)。

摘　　要：节庆活动是民族文化的重要组成部分,不仅反映了民族情感,亦通过成员的参与来塑造认同。迁徙到异地的民族通过各种方式来维系民族认同,传承民族文化。20世纪70年代末,老挝和越南的苗族因越战牵连而逃难至泰国,陆续被安置在美国、法国、澳大利亚等国家。定居在欧洲的苗族社群在适应地方社会、吸收当地文化的同时,也在多元环境中传播和传承民族文化。祭祀祖魂、禳灾佑安的苗年活动,包含了深厚的归属感和认同感,在异域也得以传承,在四处离散的苗族难民身上呈现一种灵活和开放的状态,达到身份认同的目标,即使出现创新方式,也是强化了这一认同。Festivals,as a crucial part of ethnic culture,not only reflect emotions,but also shape identity through the participation of members.Ethnic immigrants maintain their identity and inherit their ethnic culture in various ways.In the late 1970s,Laotian and Vietnamese Hmong moved to Thailand because of the Vietnam War,and have resettled in the United States,France,Australia and other countries.The Hmong community that settled in Europe has not only integrated into local society and absorbed the local culture,but also inherited and passed on its culture in multicultural environments.The New Year Festival in the Hmong community,including remembrance of ancestral spirits and blessing,shapes a deep sense of belonging and identity and has been passed on in new places.In addition,it takes on a flexible open lock in the Hmong in diaspora and still reinforces their identily even in creative forms in new places.

关 键 词：欧洲苗族 节庆旅游 参与式族群认同 

分 类 号：C955[社会学—民族学]