面向机械化播苗的菲律宾蛤仔幼苗生物力学特性分析  

Analysis of biomechanical properties of juvenile Manila clam for mechanization sowing

作　　者：刘文博 张寒冰 李秀辰 张国琛 张倩 屈蜀光 高敬宇 樊博 母刚 LIU Wenbo;ZHANG Hanbing;LI Xiuchen;ZHANG Guochen;ZHANG Qian;QU Shuguang;GAO Jingyu;FAN Bo;MU Gang(College of Mechanical and Power Engineering (College of China & New Zealand Collaboration), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;Research & Development Center of Fisheries Equipment and Engineering of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116023, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学机械与动力工程学院(中新合作学院),辽宁大连116023 [2]辽宁省渔业装备工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2020年第3期455-461,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900701);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(20180551202);辽宁省高等学校海洋产业技术研究院项目(2018-CY-02)。

摘　　要：为研究菲律宾蛤仔播苗装备设计及相关技术应用中所需参数,选取133枚规格相近的菲律宾蛤仔大苗的形态性状(壳长x1、壳高x2、壳宽x3)和质量性状(活体质量w)进行测量,分析了1500枚不同规格(小苗5~10 mm、中苗10~15 mm、大苗15~20 mm)蛤苗的休止角,与不同接触面材料(有机玻璃、PVC、不锈钢板)的静滑动摩擦系数,并采用3因素3水平(蛤苗规格、加载速度、加载方向)正交试验研究了蛤苗的准静态压缩强度。结果表明:菲律宾蛤仔形态性状与质量性状呈极显著相关(P<0.01),壳长对质量性状的直接影响作用最大,作用系数为0.536,壳高对质量性状的间接影响作用最大,作用系数为0.561;休止角随着蛤苗规格的增大而增大,最大值为39.66°;蛤苗规格越大,静滑动摩擦系数越小,其中,大苗与不锈钢板的静滑动摩擦系数最小(0.26);影响蛤苗破裂力的因素依次为蛤苗规格>加载方向>加载速度,小苗的加载方向为Y方向(蛤仔张口向上铰合线向下)且加载速度为0.5 mm/min时,承受破裂能力最弱,根据建立的破裂力多元回归模型预测,此时蛤苗的破裂力为6.97 N。本研究结果可为菲律宾蛤仔播苗及相关机械设备的设计研发提供数据基础。The shell length x1,shell height x2,shell width x3 and live body weight w were measured in 133 individuals of juvenile Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum with similar size were measured and valuated by path analysis,and repose angles were determined in 1500 individuals of juvenile Manila clam with shell length of 5-10 mm(small size),10-15 mm(medium size),and 15-20 mm(large size).The static sliding friction coefficient between different sizes of Manila clam(small,medium and large sizes)and contacted plexiglass,PVC,and stainless steel plate of 200 mm×150 mm×5 mm was determined by one end fixed,and the other end elevated.The quasi-static compression rupture force of Manila clam was investigated in an orthogonal test of three factors(clam size,loading speed,and loading direction)and three levels to provide parameters for the design of sowing equipment of juvenile Manila clam.The results showed that there was very significant correlation between morphological traits and body weight traits(P<0.01).Shell length had predominant direct effect and determinacy on weight traits,with interaction coefficient of 0.536,while shell height showed indirectly effects on weight traits,with interaction coefficient of 0.561.The repose angle was found to be increased with Manila clam size,with the maximum value of 39.66°.The larger the clam size was,the smaller the static sliding friction coefficient was,the minimal static sliding friction coefficient(0.26)between large size clam and stainless steel plate.The factors affecting the rupture force of clam were involved in clam size,loading direction and loading speed successively.The loading speed of 0.5 mm/min was observed when the loading direction of the small size clam was Y direction(beak upward and umbo downward),with the minimal counter rupture ability,and the established multiple regression model of rupture force revealed that the rupture force of the juvenile clam was 6.97 N.The findings provide reference with research and design of mechanization sowing and related mechanical

关 键 词：机械化播苗 菲律宾蛤仔 幼蛤 通径分析 休止角 静滑动摩擦系数 准静态压缩强度 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] O346.1[理学—固体力学]