方位及冠层对核桃内果皮木质素形成及相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of canopy exposure and layers on lignin formation and related enzyme activities in endocarp of walnut

作　　者：王芬 张萍[1] 黄闽敏[2] 张强[2] WANG Fen;ZHANG Ping;HUANG Minmin;ZHANG Qiang(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industry Technology in Arid Areas of Xinjiang Education Department,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Economic Forestry,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院·新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第5期696-704,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：2018年度新疆林果业基础研究专项(XJLG201802)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确核桃果实发育过程中不同光照强度对内果皮中木质素、相关酶活性影响的动态变化规律。【方法】以核桃品种’新新2号’为试验材料,研究了树冠不同方位、不同冠层对内果皮中木质素含量、相关酶活性的变化规律,并进行了相关性分析。【结果】在不同方位、不同冠层上,木质素含量随着核桃果实的生长发育呈持续增加趋势;PAL、POD酶活性强弱的排序依次为:南面上层>南面中层>南面下层>北面上层>北面中层>北面下层>中部上层>中部中层>中部下层;PPO酶活性强弱的排序依次为:北面下层>北面中层>北面上层>中部下层>中部中层>中部上层>南面下层>南面中层>南面上层。相关性分析表明,木质素含量与POD酶活性呈极显著正相关(p<0.01,r=0.808**),与PPO酶活性呈负相关。【结论】树冠南面和上层接受的光照强度最大,木质素含量最高,PAL、POD酶活性最强;PPO酶活性最低;木质素含量与POD酶活性呈极显著正相关(p<0.01,r=0.808**),表明光照强度诱导了核桃果实内果皮中木质素的积累及相关酶活性的增强。【Objective】Walnut(Juglans regia L.) is one of the most important traditional economic forest trees in China. It is cultivated in 1 046 counties and cities across the country, and its cultivated area has increased by 10% per year in recent years. Walnut nuts are composed of hard shells and seed kernels. The seed kernels are rich in nutrients, and have the functions of brain-enhancing, nourishing blood, warming the lungs and invigorating the intestines, moistening and drying phlegm, etc., which are deeply loved by people. In the past times, the lignified hard shells were mostly abandoned and attention was rarely received. As an important part of walnut nuts, hard shell plays an important role in nut growth, development, maturation, rinsing, transportation and storage, and activated carbon produced from hard shells can effectively absorb mercury, acid dye, phenol, etc. in industrial wastewater. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the formation mechanism and influencing factors of walnut nut hard shell. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of walnut growing area, the early-bearing walnuts with short growth cycle, high yield and good all-in-one have been vigorously promoted. However,in the actual production, the early-bearing walnut orchard has a common problem that affects the appearance quality of walnut nuts, such as"white face"and"Lu Ren"(Exposed kernel). In order to improve this phenomenon, accelerate the development of the walnut industry and improve the economic value of the walnut market, the growth and development of endocarp and the main factors affecting its growth and development were studied to explore the dynamic changes of the effects of light intensities on the activity of lignin and related enzymes in endocarp during the development of walnut fruit.【Methods】’Xinxin No. 2’cultivar with a planting space of 3 m × 6 m was used as a material in the walnut seedling demonstration garden of Xinjiang Academy of Forestry in Wensu county, Akesu region. Six sample trees with rel

关 键 词：核桃 内果皮 木质素 酶活性 方位 冠层 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]