乳化炸药中硝酸铵-亚硝酸钠的发泡动力学研究  

Study on Foaming Kinetics of Ammonium Nitrate-Sodium Nitrite in Emulsion Explosive

作　　者：刘震宇 谢强[1] 刘威[1] 王泽清 陈厚和[1] 张幺玄[2] LIU Zhenyu;XIE Qiang;LIU Wei;WANG Zeqing;CHEN Houhe;ZHANG Yaoxuan(School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing,210094;Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Shaanxi Xi'an,710065)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《爆破器材》2020年第3期10-15,共6页Explosive Materials

基　　金：总装预研共同技术项目:报废弹药去能降感及回收利用技术(41404040102)。

摘　　要：为了了解和控制乳化炸药中硝酸铵-亚硝酸钠反应的发泡速率,采用减重法和量气法研究了该反应过程的反应机理和反应动力学。结果表明,酸可作为催化剂,对整个反应过程起促进作用;其次,在酸作为催化剂条件下,反应速率随着实验温度的增加而增加,且反应符合Arrhenius模型。其中,反应活化能为57.87 kJ/mol,指前因子为1.48×10~6 mol/L·s。对比实验值和计算值可知,反应动力学方程合理。为实际生产中化学敏化反应速率的控制提供了理论依据。In order to understand and control the foaming rate of ammonium nitrate-sodium nitrite reaction in emulsion explosives, reaction mechanism and kinetics in this reaction process were studied by weight loss and gas measurement methods. The results show that acid could be used as catalyst to accelerate the whole reaction process. Under the condition of acid as catalyst, the reaction rate increases with the increase of experimental temperature, and the reaction conforms to Arrhenius model. The activation energy is 57.87 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor is 1.48×10~6mol/L·s. By comparing the experimental and calculated values, the reaction kinetics equation is reasonable. Therefore, it provides a theoretical benchmark for the control of chemical sensitization reaction rate in practical production.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 敏化 线性拟合 动力学方程 

分 类 号：TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]