基于VSP的地震地质导向方法与应用试验  

Seismic geo-steering based on VSP

作　　者：蔡志东 王赟[1] 温铁民 艾维平 王冲 CAI Zhidong;WANG Yun;WEN Tiemin;AI Weiping;WANG Chong(School of Geophysics and Information Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;New Resources Geophysical Exploration Division,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou 072750,China;GRI,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou 072751,China;Drilling Research Institute,CNPC,Beijing 100206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球探测与信息技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司新兴物探开发处,河北涿州072750 [3]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司研究院,河北涿州072751 [4]中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院,北京100206

出　　处：《石油物探》2020年第3期430-440,共11页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05020);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2018YFB0605603)共同资助。

摘　　要：随着油气勘探开发的不断深化,越来越多的复杂储层类型成为主要勘探目标,然而随着勘探难度的增加,储层钻遇率大幅下降,严重制约了油气勘探开发的进步。为了更准确地预测钻头前方地质目标的位置和物性信息,概要介绍了基于VSP的地震地质导向方法,并对单一速度控制的地震地质导向方法进行了改进,提出了多参数井控约束的地震地质导向方法,利用模型数据正演和成像试验证明了方法的可靠性。该方法有助于得到更准确的地震重新偏移数据,对目标体的刻画更加精细。同时为了更好地提升作业效率,探索开发了安装于钻头上的地震信号采集仪器并进行了测试研究,测试结果表明,新仪器性能稳定、记录数据品质较高,预期可以应用于一些井况复杂且时效性高的研究项目,可对现有方法起到良好的补充作用。最后结合在不同探区的大量生产试验,对不同VSP激发源和不同记录仪器的地震地质导向方法进行了分类和优选研究,总结了地震地质导向系列方法在提升储层钻遇率、降低作业风险等方面的实际应用效果。With the intensification of oil and gas exploration and development,complex reservoirs have become the main exploration target.However,the reservoir drilling rate decreases significantly with the increasing complexity,which severely limits the exploration and development of complex reservoirs.To accurately predict the location of pre-drilling geological targets,seismic geo-steering was conducted in this study based on the seismic-while drilling VSP method.A well-control multi-parameter seismic geo-steering method was proposed,replacing the conventional seismic geo-steering method controlled by a single velocity parameter.The proposed method can provide more accurate re-migration data for the target body.Furthermore,to better improve the operating efficiency,various seismic geo-steering acquisition instrumentation systems have been tested and developed.Test results in several exploration areas showed that these improved systems offer stable performance and high-quality recorded data.Tests in different exploration areas showed that the proposed geo-steering method can effectively reduce the operational risk and increase the reservoir drilling rate.

关 键 词：井中地震 VSP 地震地质导向 数据采集 储层预测 储层钻遇率 地震试验 仪器研发 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]