公安部队组建初期组织体系和领导体制的历史考察(1949—1952年)  

The Historical Investigation on the Organizational System and Leadership System in the Early Stage of the Establishment of the Public Security Troops(1949—1952)

作　　者：姬文波[1] Ji Wenbo

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所,100009

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2020年第2期90-105,158,159,共18页Contemporary China History Studies

摘　　要：公安部队是武警部队的前身,是中国人民解放军的一个组成部分。中华人民共和国成立后,为了在全国范围内迅速建立革命秩序,巩固新生政权,在中央军委和公安部的领导下,逐步把地域性的公安武装和中国人民解放军担负公安任务的部队正式改编成“中国人民公安部队”。在军委公安司令部成立后,公安部队又进行了整编,组建了“中国人民解放军公安部队”和地方公安部队,逐渐接替全国内卫任务。随着边防公安组织和边防武装的建立,全国公安部队初步形成了正规公安部队、地方公安部队和边防公安武装的体制。为统一对国家内卫、边防斗争的领导,加强公安部队的建设,1952年,中共中央、中央军委决定将内卫、边防和地方公安武装统一整编为“中国人民解放军公安部队”,全部纳入中国人民解放军的建制序列。内卫、边防工作和公安部队的建设进入了一个新的阶段。The public security troops is the predecessor of the armed police troops and an integral part of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,under the leadership of the Central Military Commission and the Ministry of Public Security,the regional public security forces and the units of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army which were responsible for public security tasks had been gradually adapted into the“Chinese People’s Public Security Troops”in order to quickly establish revolutionary order and consolidate the new political power throughout the country.After the establishment of the public security headquarters of the Central Military Commission,the public security troops were reorganized and established the“Public Security Troops of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army”and the local public security troops,which gradually took over the tasks of national internal security.With the establishment of border public security organizations and armed forces,the national public security troops had initially formed the system of regular public security troops,local public security troops and border public security armed forces.In order to unify the leadership of the national security and frontier defense and strengthen the construction of the public security troops,in 1952,the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China decided to integrate the internal security,border defense and local public security armed forces into“the Public Security Troops of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army”,all of which were incorporated into the construction sequence of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.The construction of internal security,border defense and public security troops has entered a new stage.

关 键 词：公安部队 毛泽东 罗瑞卿 内卫 边防 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] E277[历史地理—中国史]