阳极涂层下铝电解槽温度场分布与工业实验研究  

Industrial experimental research and temperature distribution in aluminum reduction cell

作　　者：孙帅更 李茂[1] 程本军[1] 李贺松[1] 侯文渊[1] SUN Shuaigeng;LI Mao;CHENG Benjun;LI Hesong;HOU Wenyuan(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期872-881,共10页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2010AA065201);中南大学研究生自由探索创新项目(502211908)。

摘　　要：利用水流量平板法测定阳极涂层分别在820,870,920和1020℃时的高温热导率,使用X线衍射仪分析经高温烧结后阳极涂层的物相组成;基于ANSYS计算平台,以电流为400 kA的铝电解槽为计算模型进行研究,建立应用阳极涂层的铝电解槽电-热场耦合计算模型,准确追踪炉帮位置并分析涂层对铝电解槽温度场分布的影响。研究结果表明:涂层在820~1020℃时的热导率为0.2~0.4 W/(m·K),随温度升高而增大;应用阳极涂层的铝电解槽电-热场耦合计算模型后,熔体区槽壳平均温度下降11.3℃,主要原因是涂层使流经阳极侧部电解质中电流路发生改变,次要原因是炭渣量减少和电解质电阻率降低;阳极涂层的应用可以降低阳极毛耗,延长阳极使用寿命1 d;侧部温度槽壳的平均温度仿真结果与某铝厂实验结果基本一致。The high temperature thermal conductivity of the anode coating at 820,870,920 and 1020℃were measured by the water flow plate method.The content of the coating after high temperature sintering was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD).Based on the ANSYS calculation platform,the coupling electric-thermal field calculation model of the 400 kA aluminum electrolytic cell with coating anode was established to accurately track the location of the furnace and analyze the influence of the coating.The results show that the thermal conductivity of the coating in the range from 820℃to 1020℃is 0.2-0.4 W/(m·K),and increases with the increase of temperature.The average temperature of the shell in the melt zone decreases by 11.3℃with the application of the coating,mainly because of the change of the current path in the electrolyte flowing through the anode side of the coating,and also due to the reduction of the amount of carbon residue and the decrease of the electrolyte resistivity.The reduction of the amount of carbon residue can reduce the green anode consumption and prolong the service life of the anode.The simulation results agrees well with the experimental results in the field.

关 键 词：铝电解槽 炭阳极 阳极涂层 电-热场 电流路径 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]