超高压自能式灭弧室吹弧性能优化  

Optimization of arc extinguishing capability of UHV self-energy arc chamber

作　　者：李巧全 巫世晶[1] 黎小峰 李小勇[1,2] 赵文强 LI Qiaoquan;WU Shijing;LI Xiaofeng;LI Xiaoyong;ZHAO Wenqiang(School of Power and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Suzhou Institute ofWuhan University,Suzhou 215123,China;State Grid Pinggao Group Co.Ltd,Pingdingshan 467000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学苏州研究院,江苏苏州215123 [3]国家电网平高集团有限公司,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期962-970,共9页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375350);国家电网公司科技项目(5211DS16002L)。

摘　　要：为研究超高压自能式灭弧室的结构参数对其吹弧性能的影响,增强断路器开断过程中的吹弧效果,提升断路器的可靠性,首先,建立考虑多物理场耦合的超高压自能式灭弧室仿真模型,计算开断时灭弧室的压力和温度变化,同时,利用压力测量实验验证仿真模型的有效性;然后,通过仿真模型和控制变量法研究喷口喉部直径、喷口喉部长度和膨胀室体积对自能式灭弧室吹弧性能的影响,并以上述3个结构参数作为可控因素,以过零时刻电弧轴线平均温度为噪声因子,采用田口法与方差分析优化吹弧性能。研究结果表明:随着喷口喉部直径增大,电弧轴线整体温度升高;随着喷口喉部长度增加,电弧轴线整体温度升高;随着膨胀室体积增大,电弧轴线整体温度呈现先升高后降低的趋势;喉部直径、喉部长度和膨胀室内径对过零时刻电弧轴线平均温度的显著性分别为0.07,0.01和0.07,优化后喉部直径、喉部长度和膨胀室内径分别为29,75和55 mm;优化后过零时刻电弧轴线平均温度降低9.15%;喷口喉部直径、喷口喉部长度和膨胀室内径对吹弧性能有显著影响,其中喉部长度的影响程度最大。适当选择膨胀室体积、减小喉部直径和喉部长度能有效提高自能式灭弧室的吹弧性能,降低喷口的烧蚀程度。In order to study the influence of the structural parameters of the UHV self-energy arc chamber on its arc blowing performance,increase the arc blowing effect in the process of circuit breaker breaking,and improve the reliability of circuit breaker,the simulation model of the self-energy arc chamber with multi-physical field coupling was firstly established to calculate the pressure and temperature change of the arc chamber during breaking.Meanwhile,the pressure measurement experiment was used to verify the effectiveness of the simulation model.Secondly,the influence of nozzle throat diameter,throat length and expansion chamber volume on the arc blowing performance of self-energy arc chamber was studied by the simulation model and control variable method.Furthermore,taking the above three structural parameters and the average temperature of the arc axis at current zero as controllable factors and the noise factor,the Taguchi method and the variance analysis were adopted to optimize the arc blowing performance.The results show that the overall temperature of arc axis increases with the increases the of diameter of nozzle throat and the length of nozzle throat.As the volume of expansion chamber increases,the overall temperature of arc axis increases firstly and then decreases.In addition,the significance of the diameter of nozzle throat,the length of nozzle throat and the diameter of expansion chamber to the mean temperature of the arc axis at current zero are 0.07,0.01 and 0.07,respectively.After structural optimization,the diameter of nozzle throat,the length of nozzle throat and the diameter of expansion chamber are 29,75 and 55 mm,respectively.The optimized mean temperature of the arc axes at currrnt zero reduces by 9.15%.The diameter of nozzle throat,the length of nozzle throat and the diameter of expansion chamber have significant influence on the arc blowing performance,among which the length of nozzle throat has the greatest influence.Proper selection of the volume of expansion chamber and reduction of the

关 键 词：超高压断路器 自能式灭弧室 吹弧性能 电弧温度 田口法 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器] O533[理学—等离子体物理]