海南潭门就地城镇化建设成效与文化认同探析  

The Changes of Fishing Towns and Villages and Cultural Identity in Tanmen Hainan in The Process of in-situ Urbanization

作　　者：刘士祥[1] 朱兵艳[1] ZHU Bingyan;LIU Shixiang(Hainan College of Software Technology,Qionghai 571400,China)

机构地区：[1]海南软件职业技术学院,海南琼海571400

出　　处：《宁波职业技术学院学报》2020年第2期104-108,共5页Journal of Ningbo Polytechnic

基　　金：海南省教育厅2018年度科学研究项目“南海海洋民俗文化传承:海南潭门渔村村镇的乡愁记忆与文化认同”(Hnky2018-87);海南省2017年度哲学社会科学项目“琼台海洋民俗及其文化特征研究”(HNSK(ZC)17-8)。

摘　　要：潭门是海南琼海的一个沿海小镇,具有悠久的耕海历史和灿烂的热带海洋民俗文化。汉代以来,潭门渔民由浅海逐渐向远海深海"讨生活",在浩瀚的南海历经无数次生死考验,开始发现并命名南海诸岛。唐宋时期,随着社会动荡和海上贸易兴盛,潭门渔民先祖已在西沙群岛过渔猎生活,广袤的南海被潭门渔民视为自己的"祖宗地",潭门渔民成为世界历史上最早发现、最早命名、最早且唯一连续开发南海的特有群体,也见证了热带海洋民俗文化的孕育与发展。2012年底,琼海启动"三不一就"即"不砍树、不拆房、不占田,就地城镇化"进程,潭门镇走上就地城镇化"快车道",短短几年,小渔镇发生了翻天覆地的变化。在保持传统海洋渔业发展优势的同时,着力发展特色乡村旅游,尤其是休闲海洋渔业、特色餐饮、海洋节庆等,传统渔村村镇容貌焕然一新,商业经营内容与方式进一步拓展,村镇居民渔民收入来源更加多元,村镇人口数量、质量、分布与构成发生变化,回家返乡创业人数显著增加,社会主义核心价值观深入贯彻,有利于进一步增强人们物质文化生活的幸福感、获得感,进一步提升潭门渔村村镇渔民居民的文化认同。Tanmen, as a coastal town in Qionghai Hainan, has a long history of exploring the South China Sea. Since the Han dynasties, Tanmen fishermen has begun to earn a living through distant fishing. After countless tests of life and death in the sea, they discovered and named islands in the South China Sea. In the Tang and Song dynasties, with the social unrest and maritime trade flourishing, the ancestors of Tanmen fishermen had already lived in Xisha Islands by fishing. The Tanmen fishermen have become the first ones who found and named the Xisha Islands, and the only group of people who developed the South China Sea continuously. They also have witnessed the breeding and development of marine culture. At the end of 2012,Qionghai launched the policy of in-situ urbanization with the original villages, trees, lakes and houses preserved. With the in-situ urbanization, dramatic changes have taken place in Tanmen. While maintaining the traditional marine fishery, Tanmen is focused on its rural tourism development, especially leisure sea fishing,catering, and marine festivals. The Tanmen town has been more attractive without demolishing old houses. And fishermen’s income have been diversified by expanding businesses, an increasing number of people have been returning home to start their own businesses, and the socialist core values have been deeply implement, which has bettered the well-being of people’s material and cultural life and enhanceed local residents’ cultural identity.

关 键 词：就地城镇化 文化认同 村镇变迁 潭门 

分 类 号：F299.27[经济管理—国民经济]