水分胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌对澳洲坚果幼苗磷利用效率的影响  

Effect of colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phosphorus utilization of macadamia seedlings under water stress

作　　者：岳海[1] 何双凌[1] 耿建建 陶亮[1] 倪书邦[1] 贺熙勇[1] YUE Hai;HE Shuang-lin;Geng Jian-jian;TAO Liang;NI Shu-bang;HE Xi-yong(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2020年第2期285-291,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：南亚热作技术试验示范与服务支持(151721301064072712);云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2017-427-8)。

摘　　要：基于云南热区澳洲坚果种植区季节性干旱及先天性低有效磷的土壤特征,探讨丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)接种对具有排根的引种作物-澳洲坚果幼苗磷利用的影响,为外来物种的本地驯化栽培提供理论依据。在正常水分与水分胁迫条件下,对盆栽的澳洲坚果幼苗分别接种土著丛枝菌根真菌(native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi)和摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae),测定接种不同AMF对澳洲坚果幼苗生长、菌根定殖、酸性磷酸酶活性、柠檬酸分泌及磷素吸收等的影响。结果表明,接种土著AMF(N-AM)处理对澳洲坚果幼苗排根或非排根的侵染率显著高于接种摩西球囊霉(G-AM)处理,正常水分条件下N-AM处理的侵染率最高;两种水分条件下,接种AMF的植株地上部和地下部干重更高,正常水分处理下达到最大。菌根侵染率与排根产生量之间显著正相关,水分胁迫显著抑制了植株的排根产生量;与不接种相比,接种处理能显著提高排根产生量。接种AMF后根系对磷素的活化、吸收及转化能力显著升高,表现为接种的澳洲坚果幼苗根系、茎秆和叶片中全磷含量较高,两种水分条件下均表现为N-AM>G-AM>CK;菌根与排根相互协调共同发挥作用,显著改善了澳洲坚果幼苗根系对磷素的活化和吸收能力,且菌根比排根发挥了更大作用,尤其在水分胁迫条件下。两种AMF均能与澳洲坚果幼苗建立共生关系,N-AM处理的幼苗各指标显著优于G-AM处理,可能是由于拥有多样性优势的土著AMF在澳洲坚果幼苗根系中定殖能力较强或是AMF真菌对外来物种澳洲坚果有正反馈作用。The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) inoculation on drought tolerance in macadamia seedlings with cluster rootss, were studied based on seasonal drought and congenital low phosphorus soil in Yunnan tropical regions, providing a theoretical basis for domestication and cultivation of alien species. An experiment of potted macadamia seedlings with inoculated Native-AMF and Glomus mosseae under well-watered or water stress condition was conducted to determine the growth, AMF colonization, acid phosphatase activity, secretion of citric and phosphorus utilization, etc. The colonization rate of N-AM treatment on seedlings with cluster roots and without cluster roots were significantly higher than that of under G-AM treatment, and it would reach the maximum under well-watered condition. Compared with control, the plant with AMF had higher dry biomass in shoots and roots in both treatments, and it would perform best in well-watered condition. There was a significant positive correlation between AMF colonization rate and number of cluster roots. The water stress significantly inhibited the production of cluster roots, but the inoculation promoted cluster roots number. Macadamia seedlings had high total phosphorus content in roots, stems and leaves after inoculated with AMF, which enhanced the root ability to activate, absorb and transform phosphorus. The phosphorus content in three treatments turned out to be CK < G-AM < N-AM under both water conditions. Although both AM and cluster roots had effect on phosphorus absorption of macadamia seedlings, AM seemed more helpful to roots for phosphorus absorption, even if there was a water stress. The two AMF could establish symbiotic relationship with macadamia seedlings. It`s found that the treatment with N-AM showed significant advantages that treatment with G-AM, possibly due to its strong inoculation ability in macadamia roots,or AMF’s positive feedback on the exotic species of macadamia.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 丛枝菌根真菌 排根 磷利用 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]