进境美国大豆夹杂向日葵茎溃疡病菌的检疫鉴定  

Identification of quarantine fungus Diaporthe helianthi from soybean seeds imported from the United States

作　　者：李雪莲 段维军 LI Xue-lian;DUAN Wei-jun(Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Ningbo 315012,China;Ningbo Customs District P.R.China,Ningbo 315012,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波检验检疫科学技术研究院,浙江宁波315012 [2]宁波海关,浙江宁波315012

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2020年第2期292-297,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFF0203201);国家质检总局科研项目(2017IK059);浙江省公益技术研究项目(LGF20C140001);宁波市科研项目(2015C110018,2019A610411)。

摘　　要：向日葵茎溃疡病菌是我国进境植物检疫性病原真菌。自进境美国大豆夹杂的向日葵种籽上,采用常规平板法分离并纯化获得1株疑似向日葵茎溃疡病菌Diaporthe helianthi菌株8616S3。形态学特征观察表明,该菌株在PDA上产生大量分生孢子器和β型分生孢子,但未见有性阶段。经rDNA ITS基因序列比对分析,发现该菌株与GenBank中多个向日葵茎溃疡病菌菌株的ITS基因序列同源性达99%以上,位于同一个分支。致病性测定结果表明,该菌株可侵染向日葵茎部,引起典型向日葵茎溃疡病症状。美国是我国主要大豆进口来源国,这是我国首次从进境美国大豆夹杂物中截获向日葵茎溃疡病菌D.helianthi。Diaporthe helianthiis an aggressive pathogen causing sunflower stem canker disease, which has been listed as a quarantine fungus in China. The fungal strain 8616 S3 isolated from the sunflower seeds mixed in soybean seeds imported from the United States produced pycnidia containing β-conidia on PDA medium. Its rDNA ITS sequences were most similar to several sequences of D. helianthi deposited in GenBank with more than 99%identity. The morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the fungal strain as D. helianthi.The pathogenicity test showed that it could infect sunflower stem by forming typical symptoms of sunflower stem canker. This is the first interception report of D. helianthi from the United States in China.

关 键 词：向日葵茎溃疡病菌 形态学特征 致病性测定 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S41[农业科学—植物保护]