我国剥削性滥用行为违法性判定基准审视——以非价格型剥削性滥用为视角  

The Judgment of Illegality of Exploitative Abuse in China——From the Perspective of Non-price Exploitative Abuse

作　　者：陈兵[1] 赵青 CHEN Bing;ZHAO Qing(School of Law,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300350 [2]南开大学法学院竞争法律与政策中心,天津300350

出　　处：《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期68-80,共13页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(19FFXB028);天津市教委社会科学重大项目(2019JWZD20);天津市哲学社会科学规划课题重点项目(TJFX18-002)。

摘　　要：从2010年底的“3Q”战,到2019岁末的“京东与淘宝”之战,互联网经济在我国取得巨大成绩的同时,似乎被施以了“二选一”的魔咒。对经营者滥用市场支配地位行为违法性的判断始终困扰着互联网产业的发展和互联网市场的治理。虽然我国《反垄断法》第十七条第一款第五项的规定为规制以非价格手段侵害用户(消费者)利益的行为提供了法律依据,但是在实践中尚未形成对此类行为违法性判断的一般性基准。故可考虑借鉴域外经验,在阐释一般性的违法性判断基准的同时,细化“显著性”和“不当性”的内容。比如,对“显著性”的判断要综合考虑商品或服务的性质,行为发生的时间、次数与持续期间,被侵害消费者的范围,相似市场上其他经营者的交易条件,交易条件变更前后市场支配经营者的成本变动程度,相关商品或服务的价格与经济价值之间的差异,等等。对“不当性”存在与否的判断,应当具体考虑行为的目的是否在于追求过度的垄断利润,行为的性质,行为的持续期间,市场结构和特征等因素。在此基础上,结合个案分析,提高法律适用的可预见性和稳定性。Despite its great success,the Internet economy seems to have been under the spell of“choosing one between the two”in the past ten years,as is evidenced in events ranging from the“3Q”warfare at the end of 2010 to the“Jingdong vs.Taobao”war at the end of 2019.How to judge the business dealers’illegality of the exploitative abuse of their market dominant position has always been a disturbance to the development of the Internet industry and the governance of the Internet market.Although the provisions of Article 17(1)(5)of the current Anti-Monopoly Law of China may provide a legal basis for regulating non-price means that harm the interests of consumers,however,a general benchmark for the judgment of illegality has not been formed in legal practice.Therefore,it is suggested to learn from extraterritorial experience and specify“obvious”and“unfair”provisions while analyzing the general benchmark for illegality judgment.To judge whether it is“obvious”,it is essential to take into account the factors such as the nature of goods or services,the time,times and duration of the conduct,the scope of the abused consumers,other dealers’trade terms in similar markets,the business dealers’change in costs after the alteration of trade terms and the differences between prices and economic value of concerned goods or services.To judge whether it is“unfair”,it is essential to consider whether the purpose is to chase excessive monopoly profits,the nature of the conduct,duration of the conduct,market structure,market characteristics,and so on.Only in this way and based on individual case analysis,can we improve the predictability and stability of the legal suitability.

关 键 词：剥削性滥用 非价格型剥削性滥用 违法性 用户(消费者)利益 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]