现代汉语篇章回指习得研究综述  

A Review of Research on Anaphora Acquisition in Modern Chinese

作　　者：李姝姝 LI Shushu

机构地区：[1]北京大学对外汉语教育学院

出　　处：《国际汉语教学研究》2020年第1期72-82,共11页Journal of International Chinese Teaching

摘　　要：目前汉语回指习得研究主要集中在叙述性篇章的三类回指类型上——名词回指、代词回指和零形回指。汉语学习者使用这三种回指类型的频率大致形成一个以代词回指为顶点的“倒V”形格局,并贯穿于初级、中级、高级三个水平阶段。学习者对三种回指类型之间的误代受到其语义明确性等级或话题延续性等级的影响,呈现出阶梯模式。目前文献中所讨论的影响回指习得的因素主要涉及母语迁移、回指现象的复杂度、教材和教学等因素,但对它们究竟如何影响回指习得的分析和解释还较为粗疏,且存在分歧。总的来看,目前回指习得研究在理论与方法,语料的选取、分析及解释上都尚未成熟,急需创新性的研究。本文建议重视对回指理论成果的吸收和运用,将“理解”和“输出”两个角度相结合,加强回指习得研究的精细化。At present,Chinese anaphora acquisition research mainly focuses on the three types of anaphora in narrative discourse:noun anaphora,pronoun anaphora and zero anaphora.The use frequency of the three types displays an inverted V-shaped pattern with pronoun anaphora at the apex,which is applicable to all the three learning stages,i.e.elementary,intermediate and high.The misuse of the anaphora types displays a hierarchical pattern,which is relevant to the ranks of their semantic explicitness or topic continuity.The factors that affect the acquisition of anaphora include“the L1 transfer”,“the complexity of the anaphora type”,and“the infl uence of textbooks and teaching”.However,the analyses and explanations of how these factors aff ect the acquisition of anaphora are still vague and divergent.In general,Chinese anaphora acquisition research at present is not very mature in theory,method,data selection,analysis and interpretation,and therefore innovative research is in demand.This article suggests that we should pay more attention to the absorption and application of the theoretical fi ndings of anaphora research,combine the two perspectives of“comprehension”and“production”,and further refi ne the research into anaphora acquisition.

关 键 词：回指习得 零形回指 使用频率 误代 语义明确性 话题延续性 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]