基于天然黄土低温烧制的多孔管状陶瓷基体及其表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Macroporous Tubular Ceramic SupportBased on Natural Loess at Low Sintering Temperature

作　　者：同帜[1] 张健需 孙小娟 杨博文 黄开佩 TONG Zhi;ZHANG Jianxu;SUN Xiaojuan;YANG Bowen;HUANG Kaipei(School of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第12期12050-12056,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发项目专项基金(2017GY-128,2018GY-178,2020ZDLNY06-09)。

摘　　要：为解决陶瓷膜制备成本过高、不易烧结等问题,以天然黄土为骨料,通过固态粒子烧结法制备管状黄土基陶瓷支撑体。采用TG-DTG、SEM和XRD对支撑体的热稳定性、微观结构和晶相组成进行分析,并测定了样品的水通量、抗折强度、酸碱腐蚀率、孔隙率及孔径分布等性能指标。研究烧结温度、保温时间和造孔剂添加量对支撑体性能的影响,探求更为绿色的加工制造过程。结果表明:通过改变烧结温度及保温时间等参数能有效调节控制烧结过程中颗粒重排、晶相结合及孔道形成;支撑体晶相组成主要为石英、镁铝尖晶石和硅铝蓝晶石;烧结温度为1030℃,保温2 h,添加4%(质量分数)造孔剂的条件下制备的管状支撑体综合性能最优,此时支撑体的表面完整,晶粒结合稳定,且烧制过程中耗能低、无二次污染。对比同类研究,本实验烧成SiO 2-黄土基陶瓷支撑体的中值孔径为2.676μm、孔隙率为(48±0.9)%、抗折强度为64.19 MPa,水通量为2590.02 L·(m^2·h·MPa)^-1、酸碱腐蚀率为0.019/0.013,其性能优良且化学性能稳定。In order to solve the problem that the ceramic membrane preparation cost is too high and it is not easy to be sintered,the tubular loess-based ceramic membrane support with loess as aggregate was prepared by solid-state particle sintering method.The thermal stability,microstructure and crystal phase composition of the sample were analyzed by TG-DTG,SEM and XRD.The performance indexes such as flexural strength,water flux,acid-base corrosion rate,porosity and pore size distribution of the sample were measured.The effects of sintering temperature,holding time and the amount of pore former added on the performance of the support were investigated to explore a greener manufacturing process.The results show that the parameters such as sintering temperature and holding time can effectively adjust and control the grain rearrangement,crystal phase bonding and pore formation during sintering.The crystal phase composition of the support was mainly quartz,spinel and kyanite.When the sintering temperature was 1030℃,holding time for 2 h,adding 4wt%pore-forming agent,the performance of the tubular support was optimal.The surface of the support was intact and the grain bonding was stable,the energy consumption during the firing process was low and there was no secondary pollution.Compare with the same type of research,the median pore diameter of the SiO 2-supported ceramic support in this experiment was 2.676μm,the porosity was(48±0.9)%,the flexural strength of the support was 64.19 MPa,the water flux was 2590.02 L·(m^2·h·MPa)^-1,and the acid-base corrosion rate was 0.019/0.013.The support has excellent performance and stable chemical properties.

关 键 词：黄土 支撑体 烧结制度 造孔剂 羧甲基纤维素 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]