四川若尔盖高原3种湿地生态系统的碳储量及碳汇价值  

Carbon stock and its value for 3 types of wetland ecosystems on Zoige Plateau, Sichuan Province

作　　者：夏敏 王行[1] 刘振亚[1] 王娜[1] 刘耘硕 王好才 肖雄 肖德荣[1] XIA Min;WANG Hang;LIU Zhenya;WANG Na;LIU Yunshuo;WANG Haocai;XIAO Xiong;XIAO Derong(National Plateau Wetlands Research Center/College of Wetlands,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Aba Prefecture,Maerkang,Sichuan 624000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心/湿地学院,云南昆明650224 [2]四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州林业和草原局,四川马尔康624000

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期392-398,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41867059,31370497);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2019Y0143).

摘　　要：依据全国湿地资源调查采用的湿地分类及划分标准,研究了四川若尔盖高原沼泽、河流和湖泊3种湿地类型的碳储量及其碳汇经济价值.结果表明:(1)沼泽土壤的碳密度为733.60 Mg·hm^-2,显著高于河流(205.46 Mg·hm^-2)和湖泊(201.39 Mg·hm^-2)的土壤碳密度,后两者间无显著差异.3种湿地类型的土壤碳密度均随土壤深度的增加而降低,与土壤深度呈显著负相关(P<0.01).(2)沼泽现存植被碳密度为33.84 Mg·hm^-2,显著高于河流(6.08 Mg·hm^-2)和湖泊(6.32Mg·hm^-2),后两者间无显著差异.(3)决定若尔盖高原湿地生态系统碳密度的重要因子是含水率和生物量.(4)若尔盖高原湿地碳储量总计182.020 Tg,沼泽、河流和湖泊碳储量分别为179.036、2.885和0.096 Tg;若尔盖高原湿地碳储量的经济总价值达57.77亿~288.87亿元,沼泽、湖泊、河流湿地碳储量的经济价值分别为56.83亿~284.13亿元、0.92亿~4.58亿元、0.03亿~0.16亿元,体现了若尔盖高原湿地在碳汇功能上的不可替代性.Based on the classification and criteria of national survey of wetland resources, 3 types of wetlands, namely marsh, river and lake on Zoige Plateau, Sichuan Province, were surveyed to estimate carbon stock and economic value. The results showed that the carbon density of marsh soil amounted to 733.60 Mg·hm-2, which exceeded that of river(205.46 Mg·hm-2) and lake soil(201.39 Mg·hm-2) significantly, and there was no significant difference between the latter two. Soil carbon density was negatively correlated with soil depth(P<0.01).(2) Plant biomass carbon density of the existing plants in marsh arrived at 33.84 Mg·hm^-2, overtopping that of river(6.08 Mg·hm^-2) and lake(6.32 Mg·hm^-2) significantly, and no significant difference between the latter two.(3) Carbon density of wetland ecosystems on Zoige Plateau was significantly related to pH, bulk density, soil moisture content, total nitrogen and plant biomass, among which the influential factors were soil moisture content and plant biomass.(4) Total carbon stock of wetlands on Zoige Plateau reached 182.020 Tg, which were partitioned into marshes, rivers and lakes at 179.036, 2.885 and 0.096 Tg, respectively. Economic value of the carbon stocks of wetlands on Zoige Plateau flutuated between 5.777 billion yuan and 28.887 billion yuan, which were partitioned to marshes, lakes and rivers at 5.683 billion-28.413 billion, 0.092 billion-0.458 billion and 0.003 billion-0.016 billion yuan, demonstrating the pivot role of Zoige Plateau wetland in carbon sink function.

关 键 词：青藏高原 横断山 碳储量 碳汇价值 影响因子 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]