3个苎麻品种三年间产量及其构成因子的变化研究  

Study On the Yield Changes of 3 Ramie Varieties

作　　者：王辉[2] 白玉超 付虹雨 王继龙 刘婕仪 崔丹丹 苏小慧 崔国贤[1] WANG Hui;BAI Yuchao;FU Hongyu;WANG Jilong;LIU Jieyi;CUI Dandan;SU Xiaohui;CUI Guoxian(Ramie Research Institute of Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Insurance Professional College,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;ShenzhenBatian Ecotypic Engineering Company Limited,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518105,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]保险职业学院,湖南长沙410114 [3]深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司,广东深圳518105

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2020年第2期76-82,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：国家麻类产业技术体系养分管理岗位(CARS-16-E11);国家自然科学基金(31471543)。

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了苎麻(Boehmeria nivea L.)品种中苎1号(Zhongzhu No.1)、多倍体1号(Tri-1)和湘苎3号(Xiangzhu NO.3)株高、茎粗、分株数、有效株率、鲜皮厚度、鲜皮出麻率6个产量构成因素和鲜皮产量、原麻产量在2017-2019年变化特征和趋势,并对苎麻产量构成因素与苎麻产量之间进行了相关性分析。结果表明,3年田间试验中3个苎麻品种的鲜皮产量和原麻产量变化趋势不同。随着年份增加,湘苎3号的原麻产量和鲜皮产量呈明显上升趋势;中苎1号的鲜皮产量有明显上升趋势,但原麻产量上升趋势不明显;多倍体1号则是鲜皮产量呈上升趋势,上升幅度与中苎1号相近,而原麻产量则变化趋于稳定。3个苎麻品种鲜皮产量的变异系数按照大小排列为:湘苎3号>多倍体1号>中苎1号,分别为12.43%、6.00%和4.83%;原麻产量的变异系数为湘苎3号>中苎1号>多倍体1号,分别是10.01%、9.63%和6.62%,3个苎麻品种的株高、分株数、有效株率与原麻产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数按大小顺序依次为分株数(r=0.71)>株高(r=0.62)=有效株率(r=0.62);苎麻的株高、茎粗、分株数和有效株率与鲜皮产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数r分别为0.72、0.48、0.72和0.64。This paper studied the change trends of the ramie yield and 6 agronomic traits(plant height, stem diameter, ramets number and harvest ratio, fresh bark thickness and bast fiber content) of Zhongzhu-1, Tri-1 and Xiangzhu-3 in a 3-year field experiment(2017-2019), and the relationships between ramie yield and 6 yield-related traits were evaluated by correlation analysis. The results showed that the change trends of the fresh bark yield and the fiber yield of 3 ramie varieties in the 3-year field experiment were different. With the cultivation year increasing, the fiber yield and fresh bark yield of Xiangzhu-3 increased significantly;the fiber yield of Zhongzhu-1 increased unconspicuous while its fresh bark yield increased significantly;fresh bark yield of Tri-1 increased significantly which is similar to Zhongzhu-1, and its fiber yield was relatively stabilized. However, the coefficient of variation of fresh bark yield of 3 ramie varieties was ranked as Xiangzhu-3> Tri-1> Zhongzhu-1, which were 12.43%, 6.00% and 4.83% respectively. The coefficient of variation of fiber yield was ranked as Xiangzhu-3> Zhongzhu-1> Tri-1, which were 10.01%, 9.63% and 6.62% respectively. The plant height, ramets number, harvest ratio of the 3 ramie varieties were significantly correlated with the fiber yield(P<0.01). The correlation coefficients were as follows: ramets number(r=0.71)> plant height(r=0.62)=harvest ratio(r=0.62).Plant height, stem diameter,ramets number and harvest ratio were also significantly correlated with fresh bark yield(P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients were 0.72, 0.48, 0.72 and 0.64 respectively.

关 键 词：苎麻 产量构成因素 鲜皮产量 原麻产量 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S563.1[农业科学—作物学]