松土剂对土壤性状及葡萄生长发育的影响  

Effects of scarification agent on soil properties and grape growth

作　　者：杨兴旺 赵烁 高振[1] 翟衡[1] 杜远鹏[1] YANG Xingwang;ZHAO shuo;GAO Zhen;ZHAI Heng;DU Yuanpeng(College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2020年第3期1-7,共7页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT15R42)。

摘　　要：在壤土类型的山东农业大学葡萄示范园和砂土类型的泰安市中青松石葡萄酒庄基地,分别以一年生‘瑞都红玉’‘香百川’和‘味瑞佳’葡萄为试材,研究松土剂对土壤性状和葡萄生长发育的影响。结果表明,松土剂显著降低壤土土壤容重、土壤紧实度,但增加砂质土的土壤容重。在配合滴灌设备施用时,松土剂能够显著降低壤土40~60 cm土层的容重和60~80 cm土层的紧实度,分别比对照降低11.99%和32.43%;同时,松土剂提高砂土0~30 cm土层的含水量,而仅对壤土20~30 cm土层的含水量有明显影响。在葡萄生长发育方面,松土剂对‘瑞都红玉’的影响非常明显,不仅显著提高了新梢生长速率、节间长度和茎粗,也增加了叶面积、叶厚度和叶绿素含量,并显著提高枝条的贮藏营养;然而,松土剂对‘味瑞佳’的叶片大小和厚度未产生影响,对其他指标的影响显著;松土剂对‘香百川’的生长势及叶片质量有重要影响,但对节间长和叶片厚度影响不大。Effects of scarification agent on soil properties and grape growth of one-year-old self-rooted’Ruidu Hongyu’’Chambourcin’’Viorica’in experiment vineyard of Shandong Agricultural University(soil type:loam)and the planting base located in Tai’an Zhongqing Songshi winery(soil type:sand)were investigated.Results showed that soil bulk density and soil compactness in the loam were decreased after applying scarification agent,and soil bulk density in the sandy soil were increased.The soil bulk density of 40-60 cm,the soil compactness of 60-80 cm were 11.99%,32.43%less than control;meanwhile,the soil moisture content of 0-30 cm sandy soil was increased,but 20-30 cm loam soil was obviously increased after applied scarification agent with drip irrigation equipment.In the aspect of grape growth and development,the effect of scarification agent on’Ruidu Hongyu’was very obvious,which not only increased the growth rate,internode length and stem thickness,but also increased the leaf area,leaf thickness and chlorophyll content,and increased the storage nutrition of branches significantly.However,there was no effect on the size and thickness of’Viorica’leaf,and its other indexes had significant effect.Scarification agent has important influence on growth vigor and leaf weight of’Chambourcin’,but not on internode length and leaf thickness.

关 键 词：松土剂 土壤性状 葡萄 生长发育 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]