基于特斯拉变压器的重频脉冲源输出特性分析及优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Output Characteristics of Repetitive Pulse Generator Based on Tesla Transformer

作　　者：程显[1,2] 李泰煜 葛国伟 夏荣翔[1,2] 袁晓东 Cheng Xian;Li Taiyu;Ge Guowei;Xia Rongxiang;Yuan Xiaodong(School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Power Transmission&Distribution Equipment and Electrical Insulation,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学电气工程学院,郑州450001 [2]河南省输配电装备与电气绝缘工程技术研究中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2020年第10期2149-2157,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977195,51777025);中国博士后科学基金(2017M622370);河南省高校重点科研(16A470014,19A470008);国家轨道交通电气化与自动化工程技术研究中心开放课题(NEEC-2017-B07)资助项目。

摘　　要：特斯拉变压器型脉冲源是国内外脉冲功率研究领域的热点之一,由于其工作频率较低,而提升成本过高,限制了其在脉冲功率等高新技术领域的应用。该文基于螺旋线型特斯拉变压器的脉冲源样机,提出一种提升特斯拉型脉冲源重频工作能力的方法,分析该脉冲源脉冲形成过程,并将其分为充电电压上升、晶闸管关断和变压器谐振放电三个阶段,经过测试可知脉冲源变压器谐振放电时间是影响其频率提升的主要因素。基于上述研究进行脉冲形成过程不同阶段下的优化设计,调节外电路参数加快充电上升时间,分析晶闸管工作原理并对其关断时间进行优化,改变电路结构缩短其谐振放电时间。调节失谐系数可有效地提高脉冲源的输出电压比和能量效率等关键性能指数,在保证稳定工作的前提下,通过优化电路结构和谐振放电时间加强了脉冲源重频工作能力,最终可实现脉冲源为输出电压0~20kV,输出电压比123,能量效率64%,上升沿30ns,频率0~1kHz可调的纳秒脉冲发生装置。进而促进后续特斯拉型脉冲源的结构紧凑化及其在实际工程中的应用。Tesla transformer-type pulse generator is one of the research hotspots in the field of pulse power at home and abroad. However, due to the low operating frequency and high cost, its application in many high technology fields is limited. Based on the pulse generator prototype with spiral Tesla transformer, this paper proposes a method for improving the frequency of the repetitive Tesla pulse generator. The pulse generator process is analyzed and divided into three phases: charging voltages, thyristor turn-off and transformer resonant discharge. The resonant discharge time of the pulse generator transformer is the main factor affecting its repetitive frequency. The optimization design of the pulse formation process at different stages is carried out, which includes adjusting the external circuit parameters to accelerate the charging rise time, analyzing the working principle of the thyristor to optimize its turn-off time, and changing the circuit structure to shorten its resonant discharge time. Adjusting the detuning coefficient can effectively improve the key performance index such as the output ratio and energy efficiency of the pulse source. Under the premise of ensuring stable operation, the pulse source repetitive operation capability is enhanced by optimizing the circuit structure and the resonant discharge time. Finally, the pulse generator can be realized with an output voltage of 0~20 kV, an output ratio of 123, an energy efficiency of 64%, a rising edge of 30 ns, and an adjustable frequency of 0~1 kHz nanosecond. The generator can promote the compact structure of the subsequent Tesla pulse source and the practical application development.

关 键 词：特斯拉变压器 脉冲形成 输出特性 重复频率 

分 类 号：TM832[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]