2015-2019年湖北省血吸虫病监测点疫情分析  

Analysis on the surveillance results of schistosomiasis prevalence in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：单晓伟[1] 肖瑛[1] 刘斯[1] 刘建兵[1] 苏正明[1] SHAN Xiao-wei;XIAO Ying;LIU Si;LIU Jian-bing;SU Zheng-ming(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2020年第2期81-86,共6页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：湖北省卫生计生委科研项目(WJ2017X009)。

摘　　要：目的分析2015-2019年湖北省血吸虫病监测点疫情资料,掌握全省血吸虫病流行态势,指导今后监测工作。方法按《湖北省血吸虫病监测方案(2015年版)》要求,在全省13个地市设立207个血吸虫病监测点,开展常规监测、监测点监测和风险监测。监测内容包括本地居民及流动人群病情监测、家畜血吸虫感染监测以及螺情监测。对各年监测数据收集后进行统计分析。结果监测结果显示,本地居民血吸虫病血检阳性率由2015年的2.75%(4470/173558)下降至2019年的2.09%(2169/103885),血吸虫感染率在2015年为0.07%(120/173558),之后年份均为0,五年来均无急性血吸虫感染病例。流动人群血吸虫病血检阳性率由2015年的1.06%(98/9249)下降到2019年的0.79%(100/12602),血吸虫感染率在2015年为0.02%(2/9249),之后年份均为0。五年间累计开展家畜查病7880头,其中耕牛5325头,未发现感染血吸虫。累计开展钉螺调查面积94297.8 hm 2,查出钉螺面积34263.05 hm 2,共捕获活螺876392只,未发现感染性钉螺。活螺平均密度由2015年的0.2915只/框下降至2019年的0.1241只/框,有螺框出现率由2015年的9.54%下降至2019年的6.19%。累计开展野粪监测2035份,未发现阳性。累计在49处水域开展钉螺扩散监测,并打捞漂浮物6942 kg,未发现漂浮物携带钉螺。对252处有螺环境开展风险监测,发现有阳性野粪的Ⅰ级风险处共12处。结论2015-2019年湖北省血吸虫病疫情总体呈下降趋势,疫情已处于历史最低水平,但风险监测仍发现个别地区的血吸虫病传播风险不容忽视,需重点加大对现存耕牛的管控力度。Objective To understand the prevalence status of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province through analyzing the surveillance data generated from 2015 to 2019 for guidelines in following monitoring tasks.Methods In compliance with the Scheme of Schistosomiasis Surveillance in Hubei Province(2015 edition),we carried out monitoring in regular manner as well as surveillance on the specific sites and risk monitoring in 207 areas under the 13 administrative cities across the province.The surveillance consisted of local residents,floating population,infection status in livestock and snails.The surveillance data in each year were analyzed.Results Positive rate of blood test was decreased from 2.75%(4470/173558)in 2015 to 2.09%(2169/103885)in 2019 in local residents,and infection rate of local residents was fallen to 0 in 2019 from 0.07%(120/173558)in 2015.No acute infection occurred in the five years of period.The positive rate of blood test in floating population was decreased from 1.06%(98/9249)in 2015 to 0.79%(100/12602)in 2019,and the infection rate was 0.02%(2/9249)in 2015,and dropped to 0 in the remaining 4 years.From 2015 to 2019,a total of 7880 heads of livestock,in which 5325 were cattle,underwent schistosomiasis screening.The results showed no infection.During the past five years,a total area of 94297.8 hm 2 was investigated,which revealed an area of 34263.05 hm 2 with snails.A total of 876392 live snails were captured,and no infectious snails were found.The average density of live snails was decreased from 0.2915/frame to 0.1241/frame,and the occurrence rate of snails was fallen from 9.54%in 2015 to 6.19%in 2019.Totally,2035 aliquots of wild feces were tested,indicated no positive results.A total of 49 water areas were monitored for snail distribution,and 6942 kg of flotsam obtained demonstrated absence of snail attachment.Risk monitoring on 252 sites with snails revealed 12 areas at level I risk by positive findings in the wild feces.Conclusion Schistosomiasis prevalence tended to decline in Hubei Province from 2015

关 键 词：血吸虫病 钉螺 监测 湖北省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]