云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情回顾性调查分析  

Retrospective investigation and analysis of human trichinosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province

作　　者：游晓迪 吴方伟[2] YOU Xiao-di;WU Fang-wei(College of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省寄生虫病防治所

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2020年第2期93-96,101,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0501302)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情特征,为旋毛虫病的治疗和防控工作提供参考。方法从中国知网、维普网和万方数据等数据库检索2000年以来文献报道的历次云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情资料,从流行病学分布、感染方式、临床诊治等方面进行分析。结果2000年以来云南省共报道21起人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情,累计发病人数2256人,死亡3人。疫情暴发时间主要集中在冬春季,地区主要集中在滇西及滇西南的农村地区,人群以边疆少数民族为主,发病人群以青壮年居多。感染原因主要是进食生猪肉或未煮熟的猪肉导致。在明确症状记载的1976例病例资料中,潜伏期最短为12 h,最长达25 d。临床表现主要有肌肉疼痛(1655例,83.76%)、发热(1612例,81.58%)、乏力(998例,50.51%)、颜面部及眼睑水肿(659例,33.35%)、腹痛腹泻等消化道症状(509例,25.76%)及咳嗽咳痰等呼吸系统症状(122例,6.17%)等。有4起暴发疫情在早期被误诊为食物中毒、急性胃肠炎、结膜炎等疾病。结论旋毛虫病暴发是云南省重要的突发公共卫生事件,建议各级政府和卫生部门加强对旋毛虫病防治的宣传力度,提高人群防病意识,改变饮食习惯,降低感染风险。Objective To understand the characteristics of human trichinellosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province,so as to supply references to the treatment and control of trichinellosis.Methods Historical reports on human trichinellosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province since 2000 were retrieved from the database,including CNKI,CQVIP and Wanfang Data.Then the data were analyzed regarding epidemiological distribution,infection fashion and clinical diagnosis and treatment.Results Twenty-one episodes of outbreaks of human trichinellosis,with a cumulative involvement of 2256 cases and 3 deaths,were reported in Yunnan Province since 2000.The outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring seasons,and were primarily associated with rural areas in western and southwestern Yunnan.The infection most occurred in ethnic minorities living in the provincial border areas,and the majority of the patients were young adults.Main cause of infection was intake of raw or undercooked pork.Of 1976 cases with clear symptom records,the incubation period of the patient was as short as 12 h and as long as 25 d.Clinical manifestations generally included muscle pain(1655 cases,83.76%),fever(1612 cases,81.58%),fatigue(998 cases,50.51%),facial and eyelid edema(659 cases,33.35%),abdominal pain and diarrhea,digestive tract symptoms(509 cases,25.76%)and respiratory symptoms such as cough and expectoration(122 cases,6.17%).Four outbreaks were misdiagnosed as food poisoning,acute gastroenteritis,conjunctivitis and other conditions at early stage.Conclusion The outbreak of trichinellosis is an important public health emergency in Yunnan Province.Our findings suggest that governments and health sectors at all levels should strengthen publicity on the prevention and control of trichinellosis,including raising the awareness of population in disease prevention and modifying diet habits to eventually reduce the risks of such infection.

关 键 词：旋毛虫病 暴发 特征 云南省 

分 类 号：R383.15[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]