2018-2019年宁夏甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素基因组序列分析  

Gene sequences analysis of haemagglutinin of A/H1N1(09pdm) influenza virus,2018-2019,Ningxia

作　　者：孙晓强[1] 温秋芳[1] 马学旻[1] 马江涛[1] 孙伟[1] 龚锐 高洁[1] SUN Xiao-qiang;WEN Qiu-fang;MA Xue-min;MA Jiang-tao;SUN Wei;GONG Rui;GAO Jie(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第9期1660-1664,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏2018-2019流感监测年度流感病毒病原学检测情况,分析甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素(HA)基因特征。方法采用real time RT-PCR方法对流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例(ILI)标本进行核酸检测;对阳性标本进行毒株分离;提取甲型H1N1毒株的RNA,采用RT-PCR方法扩增HA片段并测序,利用生物信息软件对测序结果进行比对分析。结果宁夏流感网络实验室检测咽拭子标本共5 214份,核酸检测阳性数为760份,其中甲型H1N1阳性数为485份,占总阳性数的63.82%,分离出甲型H1N1毒株161株。宁夏分离毒株与疫苗株A/Califaoria/07/2009不在同一进化分支,同源性为92.6%~96.3%;与疫苗株A/Michigan/45/2015(H1N1)为同一进化分支,同源性为96.6%~98.1%。与疫苗株A/Califaoria/07/2009比较,抗原位点、受体结合位点及其他位点均有变异,除毒株A/Ningxia_Xixia/SWL1176/2019(H1N1)第222位氨基酸发生D222G变异外,其他甲型H1N1流感毒株均未发生D222G变异。所有毒株增加糖基化位点162NQT,个别毒株糖基化位点增加2~3个。结论宁夏2018-2019年度流感优势毒株为甲型H1N1毒株。序列分析表明甲型H1N1病毒发生了不同程度的变异,在抗原特异性、毒力和感染性上有可能已经发生变化,需要及时更换疫苗株成分。Objective To investigate the testing situation of influenza virus in Ningxia Province from 2018 to 2019, and to analyze the gene characteristics of haemagglutinin(HA) of A/H1 N1(09 pdm) virus. Methods Nucleic acid test was performed on samples of influenza-like illness(ILI) collected from influenza-monitoring hospitals by real time RT-PCR. The positive swabs were detected by virus isolation. RNA from the A/H1 N1(09 pdm) strain was extracted, and the HA fragment was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Bioinformatics software was used to compare and analyze the sequencing results. Results There were 760 cases of influenza virus nucleic acid detection positive in 5124 specimens, and 485 of them were A/H1 N1(09 pdm) subtype,with the positive rate of A/H1 N1(09 pdm) of 63.82%. 161 influenza A/H1 N1(09 pdm) virus strains were isolated. Ningxia isolated virus strain and vaccine strain A/Califaoria/07/2009 were not from the same evolutionary branch, and homology was 92.6%-96.3%. While it was the same evolutionary branch with the vaccine strain A/Michigan/45/2015(H1 N1), and homology was 96.6%-98.1%. Compared with vaccine strain A/Califaoria/07/2009, there were variations in antigen, receptor binding sites and other sites. Except for the D222 G mutation of amino acid at position 222 of the strain A/Ningxia_Xixia/swl1176/2019(H1 N1), no mutation of D222 G occurred in other influenza A/H1 N1(09 pdm) strains. All strains added glycosylation site 162 NQT, and individual strains were increased by 2 or 3 glycosylation sites. Conclusion The dominant influenza strain is A/H1 N1(09 pdm) in Ningxia City from 2018 to 2019. The sequence analysis shows a degree of mutation in the A/H1 N1(09 pdm) virus. Antigen specificity, virulence and infectivity may have changed. The composition of vaccine strain needs to be replaced in time.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感 血凝素 基因 序列分析 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]