大坝浇筑交叉作业时空暴露风险研究  

Spatial-temporal exposure risk during cross operation in dam construction

作　　者：郑霞忠[1] 周佳丽 陈述[1,2] ZHENG Xiazhong;ZHOU Jiali;CHEN Shu(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang Hubei 443002,China;Center of Standardization Evaluation for Production Safety,China Three Gorges University,Yichang Hubei 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学安全生产标准化评审中心,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第12期13-20,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51878385,51609128);三峡大学学位论文培优基金资助(2020SSPY014).

摘　　要：为探究大坝浇筑交叉作业时空暴露风险,首先,剖析大坝浇筑交叉作业危险暴露致灾情景,分解大坝浇筑施工工序;然后,界定危险源工序影响空间和承灾体工序工作空间,探究交叉作业时间分布特征,建立基于实时位置信息的时空暴露风险量化模型;最后,以我国西南某水电站为例,仿真模拟大坝浇筑仓面施工过程,确定时空暴露持续时间,并计算时空暴露频率。研究结果表明:仓面施工时空暴露持续时间共计1905 s,时空暴露频率为16.85%,时空暴露风险主要集中于缆机重载减速水平运输、重载竖直下降、空载竖直提升以及空载加速水平运输这4个危险源工序。In order to study spatial-temporal exposure risks during cross operation in dam construction,firstly,disaster-causing situations of risk exposure were analyzed and dam construction processes were decomposed.Then,impact space of damage-energy processes and work space of hazard-affected processes were defined and a quantification model was proposed based on time distribution characteristics during cross operation and real-time location information of construction processes.Finally,with a hydropower station in southwest China as an example,simulation of construction processes in dam pouring was performed to determine duration and frequency of spatial-temporal exposure.The results show that total spatial-temporal exposure duration is 1905 s while exposure frequency is 16.85%,and risks are mainly from damage-energy processes,including horizontal deceleration and downward transportation with heavyload,upward and horizontal acceleration transportation with no-load.

关 键 词：大坝浇筑 交叉作业 时空暴露 实时位置 危险源工序 承灾体工序 

分 类 号：X948[环境科学与工程—安全科学]