物种聚集分布与种间关系的多度不对称性  

Abundance-asymmetry in conspecific aggregation and interspecific interaction

作　　者：毛子昆 郝占庆[1] 原作强[1] 蔺菲[1] 叶吉[1] 匡旭 王绪高[1] MAO ZiKun;HAO ZhanQing;YUAN ZuoQiang;LIN Fei;YE Ji;KUANG Xu;WANG XuGao(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Life Science and Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河南城建学院生命科学与工程学院,平顶山467036

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2020年第4期381-390,共10页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31722010,31770666)资助。

摘　　要：群落内物种的相对多度与其空间分布和种间关系存在内部联系,然而这种联系如何影响物种共存却存在很大的争议.本研究认为,植物群落中的常见种受到更强的种间作用,最终限制了其种群增长;稀有种呈现更强的聚集分布格局,有利于增强种内调节作用,减弱种间作用,从而实现与其他物种的共存.为验证该假设,本研究以长白山25 ha阔叶红松林样地内的主要大树树种(DBH≥10 cm)为研究对象,用空间统计的方法分析各树种间关联和树种聚集分布格局,并探讨其与树种多度之间的联系.结果发现,树种之间以负相关关系(排斥)为主,且呈现明显的多度不对称性,即常见种之间有更明显的排斥作用.在聚集分布格局下,树种的局部优势度在较小范围内(~5 m)没有明显的多度依赖性,这将有利于稀有种和常见种实现局部共存.上述结果表明,在森林群落中种间关系的整体强度主要源于常见种的作用,而物种呈现的聚集分布格局有利于稀有种,进而促进物种的长期共存.该研究揭示了物种空间分布的多度依赖性及其对物种共存的影响,有利于进一步认识温带森林群落的构建过程.In natural communities,species abundance has intrinsic associations with spatial pattern of species and interspecific interaction.However,how these associations contribute to species coexistence remains largely controversial.We expect that common species suffer stronger interspecific competition,which limits their population growth rates.Rare species tend to increase strength of intraspecific competition relative to interspecific competition via stronger aggregation than common species,which facilitates their coexistence with other species.To test this hypothesis,we examined interspecific interaction and conspecific aggregation for adult trees(DBH≥10 cm)in a 25-ha forest dynamics plot in Changbaishan,northeast China,and further evaluated their relationships with species abundance.Our results showed that interspecific spatial associations were mostly negative,and common species showed more significant repulsion than rare species,which indicated obvious abundance-asymmetry in interspecific association.In addition,the abundance-dependent conspecific aggregation contributed to abundance-independent local dominance among species via adjusting the proportion of conspecific vs.heterospecific trees at local scale(~5 m),which would facilitate the coexistence between rare and common species.These results suggest that the strength of interspecific interactions in community-level mainly depends on common species,and the prevalent conspecific aggregation in plant communities is crucial to the survival of rare species and long-term species coexistence.Our study uncovers the underlying coexistence mechanisms about the abundance-dependent spatial distribution of species,and provides further insights into the community assembly rules in temperate forests.

关 键 词：聚集分布 种间关系 多度不对称性 物种共存 长白山样地 温带森林 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]