单哺乳动物细胞封装技术研究进展  

Advances in single mammalian cells encapsulation technologies

作　　者：杨建民 郝慧丽 王伟彬 石贤爱 YANG JianMin;HAO HuiLi;WANG WeiBin;SHI XianAi(College of Biological Science and Technology,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China;Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学生物科学与工程学院,药物生物技术与工程研究所,福州350116 [2]福州大学,福建省医疗器械和医药技术重点实验室,福州350116

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2020年第4期406-426,共21页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31800796);福建省自然科学基金(批准号:2019J01238);福州大学“旗山学者”海外项目(批准号:GXRC-17049)资助。

摘　　要：细胞封装技术是指将细胞包裹在半透膜或者水凝胶组成的封装层内,该封装层能够有效阻挡外界大尺寸物质与封装细胞的直接接触,从而避免免疫细胞、抗体、酶等物质的攻击;同时保证氧气、营养物质、代谢物等一些小尺寸物质的自由交换,从而维持细胞各项生物学活动和正常功能.细胞封装技术在生物材料、生物医学以及生命科学等领域具有重要应用前景.单细胞封装技术,即将单个活细胞包裹在半透性的封装层内,是细胞封装向高封装效率、低封装层尺寸、高稳定性封装发展的必然趋势.单细胞封装系统在提高氧气、营养物质、代谢物等交换效率,维持细胞活性和各项生物学功能,以及单细胞水平上的细胞生物组学研究等方面具有显著优势.本文就基于哺乳动物细胞的单细胞封装技术进行了系统阐述,重点介绍了单细胞微胶囊封装系统和单细胞纳米封装系统两大单细胞封装制备技术的研究进展,对单细胞封装系统在细胞治疗、组织工程与再生医学、单细胞生物学分析以及全细胞传感器领域的应用现状进行了分析和归纳.最后,对单细胞封装技术所面临的问题和发展前景进行了总结和展望.Cell encapsulation technology involves the immobilization of cells in a semipermeable membrane or a hydrogel.The encapsulation shell can effectively prevent immune cells,antibodies,enzymes,and other large-sized substances from attacking the encapsulated cells while allowing the free exchange of small-sized substances such as oxygen,nutrients,and metabolites.Cell encapsulation technology offers numerous benefits in the field of biomaterials,biomedicines,and life sciences.Single cell encapsulation technology,which involves coating individual living cells with semipermeable encapsulation shells,has many advantages over the traditional cell encapsulation technology,including higher encapsulation efficiency,thinner encapsulation shell,and higher encapsulation stability.Single cell encapsulation systems also have significant advantages in improving the exchange efficiency of oxygen,nutrients,and metabolites,maintaining cell viability and functions,and studying cell biochemistry at the single cell level.This article reviews the recent advances in single mammalian cells encapsulation technologies.We examine the research progress of single-cell micro/nano-encapsulation and their applications in cell therapies,tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,single-cell biological analysis,and whole-cell sensors.Finally,the existing issues and future prospects of this field are summarized and discussed.

关 键 词：细胞封装 单细胞 细胞治疗 单细胞分析 再生医学 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程]