水稻GLW7基因功能标记的开发和基因效应分析  

Development of functional markers of GLW7 and gene effect analysis in rice

作　　者：梁文化[1] 孙旭超 陈涛[1] 岳红亮 田铮 赵凌[1] 赵庆勇[1] 赵春芳[1] 朱镇[1] 张亚东[1] 王才林[1] LIANG Wen-hua;SUN Xu-chao;CHEN Tao;YUE Hong-liang;TIAN Zheng;ZHAO Ling;ZHAO Qing-yong;ZHAO Chun-fang;ZHU Zhen;ZHANG Ya-dong;WANG Cai-lin(Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2020年第2期257-264,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31771761);国家自然科学基金项目(31901485);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(17)3009];江苏省农业科学院院基金项目(003116111653);江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所基金项目(LZS17-6);江苏省农业生物学重点实验室开放课题(4911707Z201705);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2018357);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-62).

摘　　要：根据水稻粒长和粒质量调控基因GLW7已知功能位点的核苷酸差异设计分子标记,并对国内外搜集的315份籼、粳稻品种资源进行基因型检测,分析其不同基因型的分布。同时,通过粒型性状的测定,分析该基因的遗传效应,评估其育种利用价值。结果表明,设计的功能标记能准确、有效地区分出201 bp和190 bp 2种带型,即大粒(Large grain haplotype,LGH)和小粒(Small grain haplotype,SGH)2种等位变异。从籼、粳亚种间的基因型分布来看,籼亚种中LGH和SGH的比例分别为95.65%和4.35%,而粳亚种中LGH和SGH比例分别为25.50%和74.50%,2种等位变异的分布在籼粳亚种间存在明显差异。粒型的测定结果表明,含不同等位变异的品种在粒长、粒厚、长宽比和千粒质量上存在显著或极显著差异,而粒宽则没有明显差异。进一步通过籼、粳分类分析发现,亚种间2种等位变异对粒型的效应并不完全一致,但都具有提高籽粒质量的作用。In this study,molecular markers were designed according to the nucleotide differences of functional loci of GLW7 gene regulating rice grain length and grain weight.Genotypes of 315 indica and japonica varieties collected at home and abroad were detected,and the distribution of different genotypes was analyzed.Simultaneously,the genetic effects of the gene were analyzed,and its breeding value was evaluated by the determination of grain shape traits.The results showed that the designed functional markers could accurately and effectively distinguish 201 bp and 190 bp bands,which was corresponding to large grain haplotype(LGH)and small grain haplotype(SGH),respectively.According to the genotype distribution between indica and japonica subspecies,the proportion of LGH and SGH in indica subspecies was 95.65%and 4.35%,while that was 25.50%and 74.50%in japonica subspecies,respectively.It was indicated that there was a significant difference in genotype distribution between two rice subspecies.The results of the grain size measurement showed that there were significant or extremely significant differences in grain length,grain thickness,length-width ratio and thousand grain weight among varieties with different allele variations,but there was no significant difference in grain width.Further analysis showed that the genetic effects of two allelic variations on grain shape were not identical between indica and japonica varieties,but the two allelic variations could increase grain weight.

关 键 词：水稻 粒型 GLW7基因 功能分子标记 

分 类 号：S511.032[农业科学—作物学]