自由设站边角后方交会法在深基坑变形监测中的应用研究  

Application of the method of side-angle resection method for free stations in deep excavation deformation monitoring

作　　者：赖有泉 戴睿 林志鹏 胡长江 戴自航[3] LAI Youquan;DAI Rui;LIN Zhipeng;HU Changjiang;DAI Zihang(The First Fujian Highway Group Co.Ltd.,Quanzhou 362000,China;School of Civil,Mining and Environmental Engineering,University of Wollongong,NSW 2522,Australia;College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建第一公路工程集团有限公司,福建泉州362000 [2]卧龙岗大学土木、采矿与环境工程学院,澳大利亚新南威尔士州2522 [3]福州大学土木工程学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《测绘科学与工程》2019年第6期60-64,74,共6页Geomatics Science and Engineering

基　　金：泉州市科技局资助项目(2017T013)。

摘　　要：以某地铁站深基坑变形监测为例,探讨了利用高精度全站仪测定其自由设站站点坐标的边角测量后方交会法,然后采用极坐标法测量基坑围护墙墙顶水平位移,内容包括近似坐标计算、严密平差、整体坐标到独立坐标的转换等。观测结果表明:后方交会的观测图形对设站点位精度影响显著,应合理选择设站位置,且应尽可能使各次监测设站位置大致相同。通过国产RTS010型全站仪与进口侏卡TS60型全站仪观测成果比较,表明:采用边角后方交会严密平差理论所得点位具有较高精度,且两种仪器测量精度基本一致;在观测和平差计算中,若以A、B、C分别对应水平控制网的3个基准点,则它们需按逆时针顺序编号,且盘左应以观测A点为起点采用方向观测法进行。本文方法和经验,可供相同仪器设备和监测条件下进行类似工程高精度水平位移监测时借鉴。Taking the deformation monitoring of the deep excavation of a metro station as an example,the side-angle resection method for measuring the coordinates of a free station with the high accuracy total station is studied,and then the method of polar coordinates method is employed to measure the horizontal displacements at the top of the retaining wall.The calculation of approximate coordinates,the rigorous adjustment,and the conversion from global coordinates to independent ones are presented in the paper.The observation results show that the accuracy of positioning station points may be remarkably affected by intersection diagrams,so that the locations of the station points shall be chosen properly and kept stably.The comparison of the observation results from the home-made total station RTS010 and the imported Leika TS60 shows that a high accuracy of positioning may be obtained by the rigorous adjustment theory of the side-angle resection,and the accuracy of the two kinds of instruments is basically consistent.When observing or adjusting measurements,the three horizontal control datum points,A,B,C must be numbered in the counterclockwise order,and the direction observation method shall be performed with a wheel lefl sighting target A as the start point.The method and experiences in this paper can be used in high accuracy horizontal displacement monitoring under similar conditions.

关 键 词：自由设站 边角后方交会法 深基坑 高精度全站仪 严密平差 

分 类 号：U412.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]