不同蛋白质水平精料对天山马鹿日粮营养物质消化、血液生化指标及鹿茸产量的影响  

Effects of Different Protein Levels of Concentrate Supplement on Nutrient Digestion,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antler Yield of Tianshan Red Deer(Cervus elaphus)

作　　者：曹英 库尔班·吐拉克[1] 杨开伦[1] 贺贺千 华兴光 华兴耀 李璐 金大智 杨玮 李彦林 CAO Ying;Kuerban Tulake;YANG Kai-lun;HE He-qian;HUA Xing-guang;HUA Xing-yao;LI Lu;JIN Da-zhi;YANG Wei;LI Yan-lin(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Changji Shenghua Domesticated Wapiti Breeding Base,Changji 831100,China;Urumqi Animal Husbandry Meteorological Experimental Station of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830034,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆昌吉市盛华马鹿繁育基地,昌吉831100 [3]新疆乌鲁木齐市牧业气象试验站,乌鲁木齐830034

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2019年第4期276-282,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0502204)。

摘　　要：为分析不同蛋白质水平精料对天山马鹿(Cervus elaphus)日粮营养物质消化、血液生化指标及鹿茸产量的影响。选择健康、体重相近的4~5岁天山马鹿公鹿24头,随机分为4组,分别为试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和对照组,每组6头,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂粗蛋白含量为20%、22%、24%的精料,对照组饲喂鹿场原有精料(粗蛋白含量15%),粗饲料由苜蓿干草和麦秸组成,自由采食。预试期15 d,正试期66 d。结果表明,不同蛋白质水平精料对生茸期天山马鹿干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、Ca、P的采食量均无显著影响(P>0.05),对照组粗纤维(CF)采食量极显著高于试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.01),显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);各试验组CP消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但各试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。P的消化率试验Ⅲ组显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);不同蛋白质水平精料对血液总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、尿素(UREA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和葡萄糖(GLU)无显著影响(P>0.05);不同蛋白水平精料对各组血液胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量和生长激素(GH)含量均产生极显著影响(P<0.01),对血液25-羟基维生素D3(25-OH-VD3)含量影响差异不显著(P>0.05);试验各组鹿茸产量均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),但各试验组之间无显著差异(P>0.05),以试验Ⅱ组茸产量最高。考虑饲养成本和营养物质利用率,推荐饲喂蛋白质水平为22%的精料。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different protein levels of concentrate supplements on the digestion of dietary nutrients,blood biochemical indexes and antler yield of Tianshan red deer.Twenty-four Tianshan red deers,aged 5 to 7 years old with similar weight and good health were selected and were randomly divided into 4 groups:test groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲand control group,with 6 ones per group.The test groupⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢwere fed experimental concentrate supplements containing different protein levels,which were 20%,22%,24%respectively,and the control group was fed the original concentrate of deer farm(15%crude protein content).The roughage was composed of alfalfa hay and wheat straw,and it was eaten freely.And the preliminary feeding period was 15 days and the trial period was 66 days.The results showed that:Different concentrate supplements protein levels had no significant effects on the intake of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP),crude lipid(EE),calcium(Ca)and phosphorus(P)of Tianshan red deer(P>0.05).The intake of crude fiber(CF)in the control group was significantly higher than that in groupⅡandⅢ(P<0.01)as well as in groupⅠ(P<0.05).The digestibility of CP in treatment groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other treatment groups(P>0.05).The digestibility of P in groupⅢwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ.Different concentrate supplement protein levels had no significant effects on total blood protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),UREA(UREA),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and glucose(GLU)(P>0.05).Concentrate supplement protein levels had significant effects on insulin growth factor-1(IGF-1)content and growth hormone(GH)content(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in 25-OH-VD3 content(P>0.05).The velvet antler yield of treatment groups were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference among treatment groups(P>0.05).In

关 键 词：天山马鹿 精料 蛋白质 消化 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S825[农业科学—畜牧学]