不同砧木管理方式对野生欧洲李嫁接成活与生长的影响  

Effects of Different Rootstock Management Methods on the Survival and Growth of Prunus domestica L.

作　　者：马百强 经建永 欧阳丽婷 颉刚刚 陈曦[1,2] 谢军 耿文娟[1,2] MA Bai-qiang;JING Jian-yong;OUYANG Li-ting;XIE Gang-gang;CHEN Xi;XIE Jun;GENG Wen-juan(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Laboratory of Germplasm Resources and Efficient Production of Horticultural Crops in Xinjiang,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆园艺作物种质资源与高效生产重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2019年第5期325-329,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560545);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501504);新疆维吾尔自治区园艺重点学科;新疆农业大学特色林果果实发育与调控创新团队资助。

摘　　要：以野生欧洲李(Prunus domestics L.)嫁接苗为研究对象,通过对剪砧的长度、剪砧时间、抹芽次数3个处理试验,探讨不同砧木管理方式对野生欧洲李嫁接成活与生长的影响,为保护野生欧洲李资源提供技术支持。结果表明,在5种剪砧长度处理中,接芽以上2 cm处剪砧是较优的剪砧长度,嫁接苗的长度和茎粗最大;不剪砧的嫁接苗成活数少,长度和茎粗最小。在5种剪砧时间处理中,4月9日剪砧处理,接芽的萌芽率及嫁接苗长度、茎粗、叶数、成活率均最大。在5种抹芽次数处理中,抹芽4次的嫁接苗生长量最大,不抹芽的嫁接苗生长量最小,其生长量随着抹芽次数的增加而增大。剪砧2 cm是野生欧洲李嫁接苗较优的剪砧长度,4月5日剪砧对嫁接苗的生长量影响最大,抹芽次数越多,嫁接苗生长量越大,成活率和接芽萌芽率越高,抹芽次数达到4次后,生长量增长速率趋于平缓。Prunus domestica L.was taken as the research object to study the effects of different rootstock management methods on its survival and growth through three treatment experiments on the cutting stock length,cutting stock time and bud picking times in the hope of providing technical support for the protection of Prunus domestica L.resources.The results showed that among the five cutting stock length treatments,cutting stock at 2 cm above the grafting bud was the better cutting stock length,and the length and coarseness of grafted seedlings were the largest;the survival number of grafted seedlings without cutting stock was small,and the length and coarseness of grafted seedlings were the smallest.Among the five cutting time treatments,the cutting on April 9 showed that the germination rate of the grafted buds,the length,the coarseness,the number of leaves and the survival rate of the grafted seedlings were the highest.Among the 5 treatments,the growth of grafted seedlings with 4 times of application was the best,and that without application was the worst,and the growth increased with the increase of application.Therefore,cutting stock 2 cm was a better cutting stock length of Prunus domestica L.grafting seedlings.Cutting stock on April 5 had the greatest impact on the growth of grafting seedlings.The more times of buds picking,the greater the growth of grafting seedlings,the higher the survival rate and the germination rate of grafting buds.When the number of wiping buds reached 4 times,the growth rate tended to be stable.

关 键 词：野生欧洲李 嫁接管理 剪砧 抹芽 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]