核桃青皮粉及其提取物对黄羽肉仔鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和营养物质表观代谢率的影响  

Effects of Walnut Green Husks Powder and Its Extracts on Growth Performance,Slaughtering Performance and Nutrients Apparent Metabolic Rate of Yellow Feather Broilers

作　　者：魏凯敏 张少秋 李文菁 王蕾 马菁菁 陈勇[1] WEI Kai-min;ZHANG Shao-qiu;LI Wen-jing;WANG Lei;MA Jing-jing;CHEN Yong(College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2019年第5期349-354,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560653)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究添喂核桃青皮原粉及其提取物对黄羽肉仔鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数及营养物质表观代谢率的影响。选取144只1日龄雄性黄羽肉鸡,根据体重分为3个组,每个处理组12个重复,每个重复4只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,原粉组和提取物组在基础饲粮中分别添加1%的核桃青皮原粉和核桃青皮提取物,饲养至70日龄结束试验。采用全收粪法收集粪便用于测定营养物质,试验结束后从每个重复中挑选1只与其所在分组平均体重相近的鸡进行屠宰性能测定。结果显示,原粉组和提取物组49日龄空腹体重、29~49日龄平均日增重及1~70日龄平均日采食量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);29~49日龄原粉组平均日采食量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),提取物组平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。虽然原粉组宰前活重极显著低于对照组和提取物组(P<0.01),且屠体重极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)和显著低于提取物组(P<0.05),但各组间屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率及腹脂率的差异均不显著(P>0.05)。肝脏指数、脾脏指数及法氏囊指数各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);提取物组胸腺指数显著高于原粉组(P<0.05)。原粉组和提取物组有机物(OM)、干物质(DM)及总能(GE)的表观代谢率均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);原粉组钙的表观代谢率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而提取物组钙的表观代谢率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加1%核桃青皮或其提取物会降低黄羽肉仔鸡采食量,并降低OM、DM及GE的表观代谢率,但钙的表观代谢率增加,对生长性能和屠宰性能无影响。添加核桃青皮提取物可提高黄羽肉仔鸡胸腺指数,可能有助于增强免疫性能。The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effects of walnut green husks powder and its extracts on growth performance,slaughter performance,immune organ index and nutrients apparent metabolic rate of yellow feather broilers.1441-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were selected and divided into three groups according to their body weight.There were 12 replicates in each treatment group and 4 chickens in each replicate.The control group was fed with basic diet,the powder group and the extract group were fed with 1%walnut green husks powder and green husk extracts in the basic diet,respectively,until the end of the experiment at the age of 70 days.All excreta were collected for the determination of nutrients content.At the end of the trial,one chicken from each replicate was selected to determine slaughter performance.The results showed that the empty body weight of 49-day-old,average daily gain during 29-49 day and average daily feed intake during 1-70 day of the powder group and extract group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The average daily feed intake during 29-49 day of the control group was significantly higher than that of the powder group(P<0.01)and the extract group(P<0.05).The live weight before slaughter of the powder group was significantly lower than that of the control group and the extract group(P<0.01),and the slaughter weight was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01)and the extract group(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the dressed percentage,percentage of eviscerated and half-eviscerated yield,percentage of breast and leg muscle and abdominal fat among the groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in liver,spleen and bursa of Fabricius index among the groups(P>0.05);The thymus index of extract group was significantly higher than that of powder group(P<0.05).The apparent metabolic rates of OM,DM and GE in the powder group and extract group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0

关 键 词：核桃青皮 黄羽肉仔鸡 生产性能 屠宰性能 免疫器官指数 表观代谢率 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]