三国两晋孙权历史形象演变——以《三国志》裴松之注为中心  

Historical Image Evolution of Sun Quan in the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasties:Focusing on Pei Songzhi’s Note in The History of the Three Kingdoms

作　　者：王怀成 WANG Huai-cheng(School of History&Culturc(Tourism),Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610064;Institute of History,Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610071,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,成都61006 [2]四川省社会科学院历史研究所,成都610072

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期116-126,共11页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：详考《三国志》裴松之注引三国、两晋诸史家对孙权事迹的记载和评论,全面梳理孙权历史形象的演化,可以发现:三国史家多视孙权为年轻有为、英姿勃发的英雄;西晋史家在记录史实的基础上,都着重于以道德、德行、仁爱等为标准对孙权进行褒贬;东晋史家多责孙权缺乏政治道义和深谋远虑。故裴松之注引的两晋史籍使得孙权的历史形象和地位不断下降,声名日渐消沉,遂在三国核心政治人物中显得最为平庸。裴注之后,孙权的历史形象基本定型。孙权历史形象的发展和演变,与三国两晋史家的政治立场和思想基础有密切的关系,历代史家逐渐以更为客观的眼光分析和审视前朝历史,孙权的是非功过遂日益明晰。After detailed examination on records and comments from historians’of the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasties on Sun Quan’s deeds in Pei Songzhi’s note on the History of the Three Kingdoms,and comprehensive combing the evolution of the historical image of Sun Quan,this paper believes that historians in the Three Kingdoms regarded Sun Quan as a young hero,the Western Jin historians,based on historical facts,focused on Sun’s morality,virtue,and benevolence,while the Eastern Jin historians often blamed Sun Quan for lacking political morality Foresight.Therefore,history books cited by Pei Songzhi’s caused the degradation of Sun Quan’s historical image,status and reputation so that Sun become the most mediocre among the core political figures of the Three Kingdoms.After Pei’s note.Sun Quan’s historical image was basically fixed among historians.The development and evolution of Sun’s historical image is closely related to the political stance and ideological basis of the historians of the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasties.The historians of all ages have gradually analyzed and examined the history of previous dynasties from a more objective perspective.

关 键 词：《三国志》裴松之注 孙权形象 三国史家 两晋史家 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]