美国进步主义时期城市公共卫生改革中的女性——以城市环境卫生为视角  

Women in Urban Public Health Reforms in American Progressive Period From the Perspective of Urban Environmental Sanitation

作　　者：李婷[1,2] LI Ting(Institute of communication and Global public Opinion,Xi’an International Studies University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710128,China)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学国际舆情与国际传播研究院,西安710128 [2]西安外国语大学旅游学院,西安710128

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期145-154,共10页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2018年陕西省教育厅科研计划项目“美国进步主义时期的女性与环境保护之研究”(18JK0640)。

摘　　要：19世纪的美国创造出工业化和城市化快速发展的奇迹,但同时也面临着前所未有的工业社会综合症。其中,环境恶化所带来的城市公共卫生问题严重威胁着市民的健康,侵蚀着美国的社会道德和文明,一场通过改善城市环境以提升公共卫生水平的改革由此诞生。作为改革的重要参与者的女性,她们以公共利益为出发点,采用调查研究、揭露批评、教育宣传及游说进言等方式,试图解决固体废弃物、煤烟、饮水和食品污染及危险的工业生产环境等问题,进而构建安全的生存环境。女性的参与,不仅推动了公共卫生改革的开展和城市环境的改善,而且为自身争取到更广泛的公共话语权。In the 19 th century,the United States created a miracle of rapid industrialization and urbanization,but it also faces unprecedented industrial and social syndromes.Among them,urban public health problems caused by environmental degradation seriously threaten the health of citizens and erode social morality and civilization.Thus a reform to improve public health by improving the urban environment began.Women,as an important participant in the reform,take the public interest as the starting point and use methods such as research,revealing criticism,education and publicity,and lobbying to try to solve problems such as solid waste,soot,drinking water,food pollution,and dangerous industrial production environments,so as to build a safe living environment.Women’s participation has not only promoted the development of public health reform and the improvement of the urban environment,but has also won a wider public discourse right for women themselves.

关 键 词：美国 进步主义时期 女性 城市环境卫生 公共卫生改革 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]