昭通市核桃优树无性系1年生嫁接苗生长及变异研究  

Growth and Variation of 1-year-old Grafted Seedlings of Juglans regia Superior Clones in Zhaotong City

作　　者：李正银 蒋德惠 丁永平 范怀刚 曾清贤 赵庆尤 LI Zhengyin;JIANG Dehui;DING Yongping;FANG Huaigang;ZENG Qingxian;ZHAO Qingyou(Zhaotong Institute of Forestry and Grassland,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Zhaotong Forest Seedling Work Management Station,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Zhaoyang Qingfeng Fruit Tree Co.,Ltd, Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China)

机构地区：[1]昭通市林业和草原科学研究所,云南昭通657000 [2]昭通市林木种苗工作站,云南昭通657000 [3]昭阳区庆丰果树有限公司,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2020年第3期158-164,共7页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广项目“滇东北特色核桃庆丰系列良种推广与示范”(云[2018]TG15号);昭通市市级财政项目“昭通市区域性核桃良种扩繁”(云[2017]ZT04号)。

摘　　要：为揭示不同区域核桃优树无性系1年生嫁接苗生长及变异规律,为区域核桃种资源筛选及开发提供参考依据,以云南省昭通市21个核桃优树无性系为试验材料,对其1年生嫁接苗苗高、地径进行遗传变异分析、方差分析、Pearson相关性检验、聚类分析及苗木分级评价,并对无性系母树环境因子进行主成分分析。结果表明,各核桃优树无性系1年生嫁接苗平均苗高范围为6~162 cm,变幅为29.95~80.20 cm,平均值为53.06 cm,变异系数总体为49.09%,变幅为34.61%~68.76%;平均地径0.6~3.0 cm,变幅为1.053~1.662 cm,平均值为1.298 cm,变异系数总体为29.13%,变幅为19.24%~35.44%。各核桃优树无性系间苗高和地径差异均达到极显著水平,苗高和地径的均值均呈极显著正相关。核桃优树无性系受地理位置影响最明显,其次是年降水量、年温度。地径对区域核桃良种资源的选择贡献较小,苗高可作为区域核桃良种资源早期初步筛选的主要参数。The genetic variation,variance analysis,Pearson correlation test,cluster analysis and seedling grading evaluation for 1-year-old grafted seedlings of the selected 21 Juglans regia superior clones and the principal component analysis of the environmental factors of the clone mother tree were carried out in Zhaotong to reveal the growth and variation of 1-year-old grafted seedlings of Juglans regia superior clones in different regions,and provide reference for selection and development of regional walnut germplasm resources.The results showed that the average height of 1-year-old grafted seedlings was 6~162 cm,with the range of 29.95~80.20 cm,the average value of 53.06 cm,the overall variation coefficient of 49.09%and the variation range of 34.61%~68.76%,and the average ground diameter was 0.6~3.0 cm,with the range of 1.053~1.662 cm,the average value of 1.298 cm,the overall variation coefficient of 29.13%and the variation range of 19.24%~35.44%.There were significant differences in height and ground diameter among the superior clones,and the mean values of height and diameter were positively correlated.The J.regia superior clones were most affected by geographical location,followed by annual precipitation and temperature.The ground diameter made little contribution to the selection of regional J.regia germplasm resources,and the seedling height could be used as the main parameter for early screening of regional J.regia germplasm resources.

关 键 词：核桃优树 无性系 苗高 地径 变异系数 主成分分析 聚类分析 昭通市 

分 类 号：S792.13[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S723.2[农业科学—林学]