《新方言》中“惠潮嘉应客籍谓(谓之、曰)”释语探究--兼论《岭外三州语》所释嘉应方言词语  

On the Interpretation of “Hakkas’ Appellation in Huizhou, Chaozhou and Jiaying” in Zhang Binglin’s Xin Fang Yan--and Discussion on the Words of Jiaying Dialect in Ling Wai San Zhou Yu

作　　者：魏宇文[1] WEI Yu-wen(School of language and literture,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院文学院,广东梅州514015

出　　处：《嘉应学院学报》2020年第2期31-34,共4页Journal of Jiaying University

摘　　要：章炳麟先生的《新方言》全书分为《释词》《释言》《释亲属》《释形体》《释宫》《释器》《释天》《释地》《释植物》《释动物》《音表》十一篇,收集了800多条各地方俗词语,以古语证今语,以古语通今语,以各地方言比较互证,语料丰富,书证确凿。其中有15处为"惠潮嘉应之客籍谓(谓之、曰)"的释语,章氏对惠潮嘉应相关的客家方言词语进行分析,有标示读音或说明音变的,有词语溯源,亦有词义解释等。此外,附《岭外三州语》一篇,章炳麟先生对惠州、嘉应和潮州(含丰顺)三地的60多条客家话词语的来源进行考释。对《新方言》中的"惠潮嘉应之客籍谓(曰)"15条释语进行分析和探究,梳理嘉应客家话与其他方言间的关系,挖掘部分客家话词语的来源,为考释客方言本字、准确释义提供了依据。还对《岭外三州语》所释部分嘉应客家方言词语进行探析,追溯其命名的理据,找到其与古语词的联系,辨析嘉应客家话词语与惠潮(含丰顺)客家话词语的区别。Mr. Zhang Binglin’s Xin Fang Yan is divided into Shi Ci, Shi Yan, Shi Qin Shu, Shi Xing Ti, Shi Gong, Shi Qi, Shi Tian, Shi Di, Shi Zhi Wu, Shi Dong Wu, and Yin Biao, in which more than 800 local idioms was collected. The book is rich in corpus and conclusive in documentary evidence, for which ancient words were used to prove the modern language, and ancient languages were used to connect with the modern language. Among them, 15 are the interpretations of "Hakkas’ appellation in Huizhou, Chaozhou and Jiaying ". Zhang’ s analysis of the relevant Hakkas’ appellation in Huizhou, Chaozhou and Jiaying, includes pronunciation marking and phonetics changes, words tracing to the source, also explanation of words meaning, etc. In addition, with the article Ling Wai San Zhou Yu, Mr. Zhang Binglin interprets the sources of more than 60 Hakka words in Huizhou, Jiaying and Chaozhou(including Fengshun). This paper analyzes and explores the 15 interpretations of Hakkas’ appellation in Huizhou, Chaozhou and Jiaying in "Xin Fang Yan", sorts out the relationship between Jiaying Hakka and other dialects, and explores the source of some Hakka words. It provides a basis for the interpretation of the Hakka dialect and the accurate interpretation. This paper also analyzes the words of Jiaying Hakka dialects in the Ling Wai San Zhou Yu, traces the rationale of its naming, finds its connection with ancient words, and analyzes differences between the words of Jiaying Hakka and Huizhou, Chaozhou Hakka(including Fengshun).

关 键 词：章炳麟 《新方言》 《岭外三州语》 释语 探究 

分 类 号：H176[语言文字—汉语]