生命进化与人工智能——对生命3.0的质疑  

Life Evolution and Artificial Intelligence——Questions about Life 3.0

作　　者：蔡曙山 CAI Shushan

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学民族文化与认知科学学院 [2]清华大学心理学与认知科学研究中心,北京100091

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期83-99,共17页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“语言、思维、文化层级的高阶认知研究”(15ZDB017);国家社会科学基金重大项目:“汉语非字面大脑加工的神经机制研究”(14ZDB154)。

摘　　要：2016年AlphaGo战胜李世石以后,人工智能战胜人类的神话已成为现实,2017年泰格马克的奇书《生命3.0》对人工智能赋予生命,2018年霍金对人工智能的发展提出警告:彻底开发人工智能可能导致人类灭亡。这些“大问题”应该从生命进化、人类心智和人工智能的发展以及人与自然的关系中寻找答案。在达尔文物种进化论和现代综合进化论(基因进化论)的基础上,根据人类认知五层级理论,本文创立心智进化论,对生命3.0提出质疑,最后得出结论:生命是自然进化的产物,人造生命违背了自然法则;心智和意识是生命的唯一标准,不存在其他的标准和定义;迄今为止,人工智能只是人类智能的一种表现形式;人类永远不能也不可能充当上帝,更不可能是宇宙万物的主宰。After AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol in 2016,the myth that artificial intelligence defeated humanity has become a reality.In 2017,Max Tegmark’s odd book Life 3.0:Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence gives life to artificial intelligence.In 2018,Stephen Hawking warns of the development of artificial intelligence,and Hawking holds that the thorough development of artificial intelligence may lead to the demise of mankind.These“big questions”should find answers from the evolution of life,the development of the human mind and artificial intelligence,and the relationship between man and nature.Based on Darwin’s species evolution theory and modern comprehensive evolution theory(genetic evolution theory),and the five-level theory of human cognition,this paper created the theory of mental evolution,and questioned Life 3.0.Finally,it is concluded that life is a product of natural evolution,and artificial life violates the laws of nature;mind and consciousness are the only standards of life,and there are no other standards and definitions.So far,artificial intelligence is only a manifestation of human intelligence.Human beings can never and cannot act as God,nor can they be the master of everything in the universe.

关 键 词：人工智能 生命3.0 生命进化 人类心智 心智进化论 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]