广西扶桑绵粉蚧寄生蜂发生情况调查  

Investigation on the occurrence of parasitic wasps of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley in Guangxi

作　　者：李金峰 邓军 陈华燕 杨朗[2] 周忠实[5] 姜建军[2] 黄立飞[2] 桂富荣[1] 陈红松[2,5] LI Jin-feng;DENG Jun;CHEN Hua-yan;YANG Lang;ZHOU Zhong-shi;JIANG Jian-jun;HUANG Li-fei;GUI Fu-rong;CHEN Hong-song(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan,Kunming 650201,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;General Office of The People’s Government of Hunan Province,Changsha 410004,China;School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol,Guangzhou 510275,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院/云南省生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,南宁530007 [3]湖南省人民政府办公厅,长沙410004 [4]中山大学生命科学学院/有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室,广州510275 [5]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第4期853-861,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760542);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFAA198286);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204041);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2018JZ28)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查广西扶桑绵粉蚧寄生蜂种类、种群动态及其对扶桑绵粉蚧的控制作用,为广西利用自然天敌防控扶桑绵粉蚧提供科学依据。【方法】2018年10月—2019年10月,每月中旬从广西北海、钦州、崇左和防城港4个城市分别定点采集约450头扶桑绵粉蚧带回实验室。僵蚧单头挑至2 mL离心管中等待羽化,其余粉蚧放至发芽土豆上继续饲养、每天观察,将新形成的僵蚧及时挑至2 mL离心管中等待羽化,连续观察10 d,直至再无僵蚧出现。统计僵蚧数量及所占比例,鉴定寄生蜂种类,统计其数量,计算各种寄生蜂僵蚧所占比例。【结果】野外采集到9种寄生蜂,其中跳小蜂科5种:班氏跳小蜂[Aenasius arizonensis(Girault)]、刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus sp.、康长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus kamali Moursi)、松粉蚧抑虱跳小蜂(Acerophagus coccois Smith)和黑角原长缘跳小蜂[Prochiloneurus nigricornis(Girault)];蚜小蜂科3种:豹纹花翅蚜小蜂[Marietta picta(André)]、康氏迈蚜小蜂(Myiocnema comperei Ashmead)和黄脸拟暗蚜小蜂(Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault);广腹细蜂科1种:粉蚧广腹细蜂(Allotropa phenacocca Chen,Liu&Xu)。其中松粉蚧抑虱跳小蜂和刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus sp.为群居寄生蜂,单头僵蚧最多可羽化出14头刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus sp.成蜂。寄生蜂的总体寄生率较低(2.83%~29.56%),但僵蚧总体羽化率较高(92.15%)。北海寄生蜂资源最丰富、寄生蜂的寄生率最高,共采集到9种寄生蜂;钦州和防城港均采集到6种寄生蜂,崇左采集到5种寄生蜂。班氏跳小蜂和刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus sp.为优势寄生蜂,二者个体数量约是其余7种寄生蜂数量的17倍,二者寄生的僵蚧合计比例多超过80.00%;在野外,5月班氏跳小蜂为绝对优势种,其他月份在不同城市二者交替占优势。【结论】广西扶桑绵粉蚧寄生蜂资源丰富,目前发现9种,其中班氏跳小蜂和刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus sp.为优�【Objective】In order to provide scientific reference for the control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley by natural enemies in Guangxi,the species,population dynamics and control effects of parasitic wasps of P.solenopsis were studied.【Method】From October,2018 to October,2019,about 450 P.solenopsis individuals were collected from designated locations in Beihai,Qinzhou,Chongzuo,and Fangchenggang separately in the middle of each month and were brought to the laboratory.The single P.solenopsis mummy was placed in a 2 mL centrifuge tube until the emergence of the parasitic wasp.The rest of P.solenopsis were placed on sprouted potatoes to allow continue feeding and were observed daily,the newly formed mummies were placed in a 2 mL centrifuge tube until the wasps emergence.The process lasted for 10 d until no more mummies appeared.The number and percentage of P.solenopsis mummies were counted,the species of parasitic wasps were identified,the number of each parasitic wasp was recorded,and thepercentage of P.solenopsis mummies formed by each parasitic wasp was calculated.【Result】In total,nine species of parasitic wasps were collected from the four localities,five species of Encyrtidae:Aenasius arizonensis(Girault),Cheiloneurus sp.,Anagyrus kamali Moursi,Acerophagus coccois Smith and Prochiloneurus nigricornis(Girault),three species of Aphididae:Marietta picta(André),Myiocnema comperei Ashmead and Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault,one species of Platygastridae:Allotropa phenacocca Chen,Liu&Xu.A.coccois and Cheiloneurus sp.were gregarious species(more than one wasp individual emerged from one mummy),one mummy could emerge as many as 14 Cheiloneurus sp.adults.The overall parasitic rate of parasitic wasps was low(the rate ranged from 2.83%to 29.56%),but the emergence rate of P.solenopsis mummies was high(92.15%).Beihai was the richest in parasitic wasp resource,the highest parasitic rate and nine species of parasitic wasps were discovered there.Six species of parasitic wasps were collected both in Qinzhou and

关 键 词：扶桑绵粉蚧 寄生蜂 种群动态 优势种 广西 

分 类 号：S436.81[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]