坡质对溲疏和胡枝子根系形态及拉拔力的影响  

Effects of slope nature on the root morphology and pull-out force of Deutzia scabra and Lespedeza bicolor

作　　者：孙震洲 李义强 宋桂龙[1] 曹玉海 胡兴波 代亮 吴华强 SUN Zhenzhou;LI Yiqiang;SONG Guilong;CAO Yuhai;HU Xingbo;DAI Liang;WU Huaqiang(College of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Shoufa Tianren Ecological Landscape Limited Company,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京100083 [2]北京首发天人生态景观有限公司,北京102600

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第5期882-888,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：北京市首发天人生态景观有限公司(2018HXF W LXT031);国家自然科学基金(31570610)。

摘　　要：本研究以松山地区优势乡土灌木溲疏(Deutzia scabra)和胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor)为研究对象,采用全根系挖掘法、原位拉拔力测定法和Win-RHIZO根系扫描法,对岩石边坡和土石边坡条件下两种植物的根系形态及拉拔力进行研究,为探讨不同坡质条件下植物根系适生策略和固土护坡性能提供理论支持。结果表明:1)岩石边坡下溲疏的根长密度、根重密度和比根长均显著大于土石边坡(P<0.05),岩石边坡下胡枝子的根长密度和比根长均显著小于土石边坡(P<0.05),根重密度无显著差异(P>0.05);2)两种坡质条件下,溲疏基根数量差异显著(P<0.05),土石边坡无基根,岩石边坡下,胡枝子基根直径显著大于土石边坡(P<0.05),但基根数量无显著差异(P>0.05);3)相较于地上部,坡质对根系生物量影响更大,岩石边坡下,两种植物的根系生物量和根冠比显著大于土石边坡(P<0.05);4)坡质对植物根系的拉拔力最大值影响较大,溲疏、胡枝子分别在岩石边坡、土石边坡表现出较强的固土护坡能力。综上所述,坡质对溲疏和胡枝子根系形态结构和力学特性作用明显,根系通过改变空间造型和分布策略适应复杂的地下环境,使自身的生长效率及护坡效益最大化。In this study,Deutzia scabra and Lespedeza bicolor,the dominant local shrubs in the Songshan Area,were selected as the research objects.The root morphology and pull-out force of the two plants in rocky and soil slopes were studied by root digging,in situ pull-out force,and Win-RHIZO root scanning methods in order to provide theoretical assistance for the study of suitable growth strategies for plant roots as well as slope protection under different natural slope conditions.The results showed that:1)In rocky slopes,the root length density,root weight density,and specific root length of D.scabra were significantly larger than those of soil slopes(P<0.05).In rocky slopes,the root length density and specific root length of L.bicolor were significantly less than those of the soil slopes(P<0.05),while the root weight density was not significantly difference between the two environments(P>0.05).2)A significant difference in the number of basal roots of D.scabra under two slope conditions was present(P<0.05),and there was no basal root in soil slope.In rocky slopes,the diameter of the basal roots of L.bicolor was significantly larger than that of soil slopes(P<0.05),while the number of basal roots were no significant difference(P>0.05).3)Compared with what was present aboveground,slope nature had a greater influence on root biomass.In rocky slopes,the root biomass and root-shoot ratio of two species of plants were significantly greater than those of plants from the soil slopes(P<0.05).4)The slope nature had an obvious effect on the maximum pull-out force of the plant roots,and D.scabra and L.bicolor showed a strong ability for slope protection on rocky and soil slopes.In short,slope nature has obvious effects on root morphological and mechanical properties of D.scabra and L.bicolor.The root system adapts to the complex underground environment by changing its spatial modeling and distribution strategies so as to maximize its growth efficiency and slope protection benefits.

关 键 词：根系特征 边坡类型 拉拔力最大值 溲疏 胡枝子 

分 类 号：S541.5[农业科学—作物学]