收入阶层跨跃的起跑线——基于Oaxaca分解的实证研究  

The starting line crossed by income stratum——An empirical study based on Oaxaca decomposition

作　　者：张斌[1] 孔欣悦 孔庆洋[2] ZHANG Bin;KONG Xin-yue;KONG Qing-yang(School of Finance and Taxation,Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics,Urumqi 830013,China;School of Economics and Management,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆财经大学财政税务学院,乌鲁木齐830013 [2]安徽师范大学经济管理学院,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《天津商业大学学报》2020年第3期31-38,共8页Journal of Tianjin University of Commerce

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新疆农村贫困问题与精准扶贫对策研究”(16XJY012)。

摘　　要：以各地区家庭收入中位数的75%~125%为标准,利用2013年CGSS数据,测算中国各收入阶层的比例。城市居民收入阶层的特征存在异质性,中等收入阶层的教育程度最高,高收入阶层更青睐在企业就业,东部地区的中等和高收入阶层比例最大。根据Oaxaca分解,依贡献度大小,收入阶层跨跃的重要变量依次为地区、教育、公司类型、政治面貌、企业性质和父亲受教育程度。尽管教育存在溢价,且对低收入阶层最重要,但出生和工作的地区比教育更重要,区位是阶层跨跃的起跑线。因此,促进地区经济平衡发展,提高居民的教育水平和教育质量是完善收入分配格局的关键路径。Based on the standard of 75~125 percent of median household income in regions,the paper calculates the proportion of income stratums in China with the CGSS data of 2013.There is heterogeneity in the characteristics of urban residents’income stratum.The middle-income stratum has the highest education level while the high-income stratum prefers to work in the enterprises,and the eastern region has the largest proportion of the middle-income stratum and the high-income stratum.According to the Oaxaca decomposition and the degree of contribution,the important variables of income stratum jump are region,education,type of company,politics status,nature of enterprise and father’s education degree.Although there exists the education premium,which is the most important for the low-income stratum,the region where you are born and work is more important than education and is the starting point for stratum jump.Therefore,promoting the balanced development of regional economy and improving the education level and quality of residents is the key path to perfect the structure of income distribution.

关 键 词：中位数收入 收入阶层 OAXACA分解 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济]