热溶解聚技术及其影响因素的研究现状  

Research status of thermal dissolution technology and its factors

作　　者：赵欢[1,2] 王鑫 焦忠泽[1] 曾文 窦金孝[3] 刘宇[1] 余江龙[2,3] ZHAO Huan;WANG Xin;JIAO Zhong-ze;ZENG Wen;DOU Jin-xiao;LIU Yu;YU Jiang-long(Institute of Thermal Energy,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;Chemical Engineering,University of Newcastle,Callaghan,NSW 2308,Australia;Key Laboratory of Advanced Coal and Coking Technology of Liaoning Province,University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学热能研究所,沈阳110136 [2]Chemical Engineering,University of Newcastle,Callaghan,NSW 2308,Australia [3]辽宁科技大学清洁能源与燃料化学研究所,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《沈阳航空航天大学学报》2020年第2期70-77,共8页Journal of Shenyang Aerospace University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:51404154,51675351);国家公派留学基金(项目编号:201608210120);沈阳市科技局计划项目(项目编号:RC170194)。

摘　　要：热溶解聚技术为煤基航空喷气替代燃料的制备提供途径。介绍煤热溶解聚技术的发展历程,深入分析热溶解聚过程中煤种、煤样预处理、热溶解聚方式、热溶温度和热溶溶剂等主要因素的影响。低阶煤分子结构键能较低,可在较温和条件下断裂。预处理改变煤中氢键的分布,提高煤本身的加氢液化活性。间歇式热溶解聚操作简便,固液分离彻底;连续式热溶解聚可避免热溶物与溶剂的二次反应。由于热解和缩聚反应的存在,热溶率随热溶温度的升高先快速升高后缓慢升高甚至略有降低;热溶率极值对应下的热溶温度与煤本身的软化温度有关。极性或非极性溶剂选择性的进攻煤中大分子网络骨架,可促进小分子可溶物的生成。热溶解聚装置的改进、低沸点廉价溶剂下热溶解聚行为研究和热溶物组分的定向解聚等问题有待于进一步地研究。Thermal dissolution technology(TD)provides a way for producing coal-based alternative fuel of aviation jet.This paper introduced the development of thermal dissolution technology of coal,and analyzed the effects of main factors such as coal type,pretreatment of coal sample,TD mode,TD temperature and TD solvent on the process of TD.The molecular bond energy of low-rank coal is low and can be broken under milder condition.Pretreatment of coal changes the hydrogen bond distribution and improves the hydroliquefaction activity of coal.Intermittent TD is easy for the operation of TD process and the separation between solid and liquid.Continuous TD can avoid the secondary reaction between soluble portions(SPs)and solvent.The yield of SPs increases rapidly and then slowly or even decreases slightly with the increase of TD temperature,which is caused by pyrolysis and polycondensation of coal.TD temperature corresponding to maximum of the yields of SPs is related to softening temperature of coal itself.The selective attack of polar or non-polar solvents on the macromolecular network framework of coal can promote the formation of solutes with small molecular.Further researches are needed,i.e.improvement of TD devices,the behavior of TD under the condition of low boiling point and cheap solvents,and directional TD of soluble portion.

关 键 词：热溶解聚 替代燃料 煤种 预处理 溶剂 

分 类 号：TQ533[化学工程—煤化学工程]